Table 1.
Patient clinical characteristics for cases and controls.
| Patient characteristics—n (%), mean ± SD | N | Controls n = 125* |
Pulmonary cryptococcosis cases n = 35* |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Gender, male | 221 | 106 (84.8%) | 27 (77.1%) | 0.285 |
| Age, years | 221 | 53.6 ± 14.9 | 59.5 ± 14.5 | 0.038 |
| Race, White | 126 | 73 (63.5%) | 22 (64.7%) | 0.242 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 147 | 25.3 ± 5.9 | 24.9 ± 4.7 | 0.757 |
| Risk factors | ||||
| Smoking, current | 111 | 30 (24.4%) | 4 (11.4%) | 0.223 |
| Transplant | 219 | 28 (22.4%) | 9 (26.5%) | 0.618 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 221 | 25 (20%) | 9 (25.7%) | 0.465 |
| Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus | 211 | 9 (7.6%) | 6 (17.1%) | 0.093 |
| HIV | 220 | 46 (36.8%) | 6 (17.7%) | 0.035 |
| Malignancy | 220 | 31 (24.8%) | 12 (35.3%) | 0.222 |
| Cirrhosis | 221 | 6 (4.8%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0.619 |
| Steroids | 217 | 27 (21.8%) | 9 (27.3%) | 0.504 |
| Symptoms at presentation | ||||
| Headaches | 219 | 33 (26.6%) | 2 (5.9%) | 0.010 |
| Altered mental status | 221 | 48 (38.4%) | 4 (11.4%) | 0.003 |
| Respiratory | 220 | 32 (25.8%) | 28 (80%) | <0.001 |
| Labs | ||||
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 215 | 12.3 ± 2.6 | 11.9 ± 2.9 | 0.513 |
| Platelets, 109/L | 214 | 207.9 ± 135.2 | 207.7 ± 84 | 0.992 |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 208 | 1.3 ± 1.2 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 0.843 |
| CD4 count, cells/µL | 86 | 206 ± 224.9 | 200.9 ± 319.1 | 0.952 |
| HbA1c, % | 96 | 6.24 ± 1.8 | 6.8 ± 1.7 | 0.252 |
| Outcome | ||||
| ICU stay | 53 | 27 (36%) | 7 (30.4%) | 0.624 |
| Overall death | 221 | 49 (39.2%) | 15 (42.9%) | 0.696 |
| Death within 10 weeks | 221 | 12 (9.6%) | 5 (14.3%) | 0.427 |
| Death within 1 year | 221 | 28 (22.4%) | 8 (22.9%) | 0.954 |
BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; ICU, intensive care unit.
*
some percentages were calculated on a different number due to missing values.