Table 1.
Sample characteristics
| Endurance athletes (n = 451) | Non-endurance athletes (n = 61) | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic characteristics | |||||
| Sex, Female/Male, n (%) | 255/196 | (56.5/43.5) | 39/22 | (63.9/36.1) | 0.273* |
| Age years, median (IQR) | 41 | (34.0-48.0) | 34.0 | (23.5-42.0) | 0.739† |
| Height, cm, mean (SD) | 177.6 | (8.6) | 174.8 | (8.9) | 0.756‡ |
| Body mass, kg, median (IQR) | 71.0 | (63.0-80.0) | 72.0 | (63.5-79.5) | 0.782† |
| Primary sport, n (%) | |||||
| Running | 382 | (84.7) | - | ||
| Trail running | 5 | (1.1) | - | ||
| Road cycling/ mountain biking/ tour cycling | 24 | (5.3) | - | ||
| Triathlon | 27 | (6.0) | - | ||
| (Nordic) Walking/ racewalking | 6 | (1.3) | - | ||
| Canicross | 5 | (1.0) | - | ||
| Spinning | 1 | (0.2) | - | ||
| Speed skating | 1 | (0.2) | - | ||
| Soccer | - | 2 | (3.2) | ||
| Hockey | - | 3 | (4.9) | ||
| Korfball | - | 3 | (4.9) | ||
| Basketball | - | 1 | (1.6) | ||
| Handball | - | 1 | (1.6) | ||
| Athletics | - | 6 | (9.8) | ||
| Tennis | - | 8 | (13.1) | ||
| Volleyball | - | 4 | (6.6) | ||
| Fitness (cardio and strength training) | - | 10 | (16.4) | ||
| Obstacle course racing / survival running | - | 15 | (24.6) | ||
| Bootcamp | - | 2 | (3.2) | ||
| Kickboxing | - | 3 | (4.9) | ||
| Other | 1 | (0.2) | 3 | (4.9) | |
| Number of sports in which athlete participated, n (%) | |||||
| 1 sport | 105 | (23.6) | 10 | (16.4) | |
| 2 sports | 199 | (44.7) | 22 | (36.1) | |
| 3 sports | 141 | (31.7) | 27 | (44.3) | |
| Primary sport | |||||
| Average training load/week during the last 3-months, hours, median (IQR) | 4.0 | (2.8-5.0) | 3.0 | (3.0-5.0) | 0.900† |
| Could not train for primary sport because of sports injury, n (%) | 10 | (2.2) | 1 | (1.7) | |
| Competition participation during the last 12 months, median (IQR) | 12.0 | (5.0-24.0) | 30 | (12.0-52.0) | <0.001† |
| Secondary sport | |||||
| Average training load/week during the last 3 months, hours, median (IQR) | 2.0 | (1.0-3.0) | 2.0 | (2.0-3.0) | 0.090† |
| Could not train for secondary sport because of sports injury | 11 | (3.2) | 1 | (2.0) | |
| Competition participation during the last 12 months, median (IQR) | 12.0 | (2.0-12.0) | 12.0 | (3.2-21.0) | 0.462† |
| Tertiary sport | |||||
| Average training load/week during the last 3 months, hours, median (IQR) | 1.0 | (1.0-3.0) | 2.0 | (1.0-3.0) | 0.557† |
| Could not train for secondary sport because of sports injury | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | |
| Competition participation during the last 12 months, median (IQR) | 7.0 | (2.0-18.0) | 8.0 | (3.5-12.0) | 0.890† |
| Total§ average training load/week during the last 3 months, hours, median (IQR) | 5.0 | (4.0-8.0) | 6.0 | (5.0-10.0) | 0.038† |
| Total§ competition participation during the last 12 months, median (IQR) | 12.0 | (6.0-24.0) | 36.0 | (12.0-52.0) | <0.001† |
| Average running distance per week during the last 3 months for athletes whose primary sport was running, kilometres (n = 381), n (%) | |||||
| 0-5 | 20 | (5.2) | - | ||
| 6-10 | 39 | (10.2) | - | ||
| 11-22 | 109 | (28.6) | - | ||
| 23-42 | 150 | (39.4) | - | ||
| >42 | 63 | (16.5) | - | ||
| Type of CGs, n (%) | |||||
| PRO sports compression sock | 259 | (57.4) | 44 | (72.1) | |
| PRO sports compression tube | 127 | (28.2) | 11 | (18.0) | |
| Herzog ankle compression socks | 34 | (7.5) | 4 | (6.6) | |
| Active compression garments | 24 | (5.3) | 2 | (3.3) | |
| Thigh support (hamstring garment) | 2 | (0.4) | 0 | (0.0) | |
| PRO compressive knee support garment | 2 | (0.4) | 0 | (0.0) | |
| Other Herzog compression garment | 3 | (0.7) | 0 | (0.0) | |
Abbreviation: SD standard deviation, IQR 25 to 75% inter-quartile range
*Tested using a chi-squared test
†Tested using Mann-Whitney U-test
‡tested using t-test
§Total regards the sum of the primary, secondary, and tertiary sports