Table 3.
Past and current sports injuries
| Past sports injuries | Current sports injury | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Endurance athletes (n = 438) | Non-endurance athletes (n = 61) | P-value | Endurance athletes (n = 438) | Non-endurance athletes (n = 61) | P-value | |||||
| Sports injury, n (%) | 372 | (84.9) | 48 | (84.2) | 0.886 | 89 | (20.3) | 12 | (19.7) | 0.897 |
| Onset, acute, n (%) | 110 | (29.6) | 21 | (43.8) | 0.046* | 30 | (33.7) | 4* | (36.4) | 0.861† |
| Onset gradual, n (%) | 262 | (70.4) | 27 | (56.3) | 59 | (66.3) | 7* | (63.6) | ||
| Use of CGs because of this sports injury, n (%) | 272 | (73.1) | 34 | (70.8) | 0.738 | 62 | (69.7) | 10 | (90.9) | 0.139 |
| Injury location, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Hip | 13 | (3.5) | 1 | (2.1) | 6 | (7.6) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Gluteal Muscle | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Groin | 3 | (0.8) | 0 | (0.0) | 2 | (2.2) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Upper leg | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (2.1) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Hamstring | 3 | (0.8) | 1 | (2.1) | 3 | (3.4) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Knee | 61 | (16.4) | 5 | (10.4) | 4 | (4.5) | 1 | (8.3) | ||
| Lower leg | 241 | (64.8) | 29 | (60.4) | 56 | (62.9) | 8 | (66.7) | ||
| Shin | 92 | (40.2) | 9 | (32.1) | 20 | (38.5) | 4‡ | (57.1) | ||
| Calf | 92 | (40.2) | 12 | (42.9) | 16 | (30.8) | 2‡ | (28.6) | ||
| Achilles tendon | 45 | (19.7) | 7 | (25.0) | 16 | (30.8) | 1‡ | (14.3) | ||
| Ankle | 26 | (7.0) | 8 | (16.7) | 9 | (10.1) | 2 | (16.7) | ||
| Foot/toes | 21 | (5.6) | 3 | (6.3) | 9 | (10.1) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Other | 4 | (1.1) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (8.3) | ||
| Type of injured structure, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Muscle/tendon | 280 | (75.3) | 35 | (72.9) | 64 | (71.9) | 8 | (66.7) | ||
| Joint | 20 | (5.4) | 3 | (6.3) | 4 | (4.5) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Ligament | 23 | (6.2) | 3 | (6.3) | 5 | (5.6) | 1 | (8.3) | ||
| Bone | 26 | (5.5) | 3 | (6.3) | 4 | (4.5) | 1 | (8.3) | ||
| Shin splint | 12 | (3.2) | 2 | (4.2) | 5 | (5.6) | 1 | (8.3) | ||
| Nerve | 3 | (0.8) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Bursa | 2 | (0.5) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Other | 6 | (1.6) | 2 | (4.2) | 7 | (7.9) | 1 | (8.3) | ||
| Type of muscle injury, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Strain | 15 | (5.4) | 1 | (2.9) | 2 | (3.1) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Partial rupture | 28 | (10.0) | 6 | (17.1) | 7 | (10.8) | 1 | (14.3) | ||
| Full thickness rupture | 4 | (1.4) | 1 | (2.9) | 2 | (3.1) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Inflammation | 55 | (19.6) | 4 | (11.4) | 8 | (12.3) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Overload injury | 151 | (53.9) | 14 | (40.0) | 37 | (56.9) | 5 | (71.4) | ||
| Cramp | 12 | (4.3) | 2 | (5.7) | 3 | (3.1) | 0 | (0.0) | ||
| Other | 15 | (5.4) | 7 | (20.0) | 7 | (10.8) | 1 | (14.3) | ||
| Time since occurrence, months n (%) | ||||||||||
| < 3 | 42 | (11.3) | 4 | (8.3) | - | - | - | - | ||
| 3 to 6 | 47 | (12.6) | 5 | (10.4) | - | - | - | - | ||
| 6 to 9 | 35 | (9.4) | 3 | (6.3) | - | - | - | - | ||
| 9 to 12 | 78 | (21.0) | 8 | (16.7) | - | - | - | - | ||
| 12 to 24 | 34 | (9.1) | 6 | (12.5) | - | - | - | - | ||
| 24 to 36 | 50 | (13.4) | 6 | (12.5) | - | - | - | - | ||
| 36 to 48 | 26 | (7.0) | 3 | (6.3) | - | - | - | - | ||
| 48 or longer | 44 | (11.8) | 10 | (20.8) | - | - | - | - | ||
| Unclear | 16 | (4.3) | 3 | (6.3) | - | - | - | - | ||
| - | - | - | - | |||||||
| Duration of sports injury, months n (%) | ||||||||||
| < 3 | 149 | (40.1) | 14 | (29.2) | 40 | (44.9) | 1‡ | (9.1) | ||
| 3 to 6 | 106 | (28.5) | 13 | (27.1) | 20 | (22.5) | 4‡ | (36.4) | ||
| 6 to 9 | 45 | (12.1) | 5 | (10.4) | 2 | (2.2) | 2‡ | (18.2) | ||
| 9 to 12 | 37 | (9.9) | 8 | (16.7) | 7 | (7.9) | 0‡ | (0.0) | ||
| 12 to 24 | 8 | (2.2) | 2 | (4.2) | 8 | (9.0) | 0‡ | (0.0) | ||
| 24 to 36 | 8 | (2.2) | 3 | (6.3) | 4 | (4.5) | 0‡ | (0.0) | ||
| 36 to 48 | 4 | (1.1) | 2 | (4.2) | 3 | (3.4) | 1‡ | (9.1) | ||
| 48 or longer | 7 | (1.9) | 0 | (0.0) | 4 | (4.5) | 2‡ | (18.2) | ||
| Unclear | 8 | (2.2) | 1 | (2.1) | 1 | (1.1) | 1‡ | (9.1) | ||
Abbreviations: CG ompression garment
*because of a missing value the sum of these frequencies does not correspond with the total number of sports injuries
†p-value indicates the results for the test between the number of sports injuries with an acute onset versus a gradual onset
‡because of a missing value the sum of these frequencies does not correspond with the total number of lower leg sports injuries