Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of all patients
| Variable | N = 69 |
|---|---|
| Sex | |
| Female | 31 (45%) |
| Male | 38 (55%) |
| Age, y, at tumor diagnosis, median (range) | 6 (1–16) |
| Age, y, at radiation,a median (range) | 8 (1–17) |
| Diagnosis | |
| Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor | 4 (6%) |
| Craniopharyngioma | 12 (17%) |
| Embryonal tumorb | 22 (32%) |
| Ependymoma | 13 (19%) |
| Germ cell tumor | 8 (12%) |
| Low-grade glioma | 7 (10%) |
| Otherc | 3 (4%) |
| Infratentorial tumor involvement | 34 (49%) |
| Hydrocephalus at diagnosis | 50 (72%) |
| VP shunt | 16 (23%) |
| VP shunt, ETV, or Ommaya | 23 (33%) |
| Right-handed | 62 (90%) |
| Posterior fossa syndrome | 7 (10%) |
| Baseline index scores at first assessment, median (range) | |
| Full scale IQ | 91 (47–127) |
| Perceptual reasoning | 91 (45–128) |
| Processing speed | 88 (50–127) |
| Verbal comprehension | 95 (45–132) |
| Working memory | 95 (56–127) |
| Treatments | |
| Number of tumor-directed surgeries, median (range) | 1 (0–3) |
| No adjuvant treatment, surgery only | 2 (3%) |
| Chemotherapy | 53 (77%) |
| Radiation, any field | 56 (81%) |
| Craniospinal irradiationd | 22 (32%) |
| Radiotherapy techniquee | |
| 3DCRT | 5 (9%) |
| IMRT | 45 (80%) |
| VMAT | 6 (11%) |
| Daily general anesthetic during radiation | 11 (16%) |
3DCRT, 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy; IMRT, intensity modulated radiation therapy (step-and-shoot); VMAT, volumetric modulated arc therapy.
a n = 56.
bIncludes one of each of pineoblastoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor; otherwise medulloblastoma (n = 20).
cIncludes one each of pleomorphic sarcoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, and meningioma.
dCraniospinal irradiation includes RT to the whole brain using a 3DCRT technique
eFor patients who had craniospinal irradiation followed by focal tumor boost, the focal boost technique was recorded.