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. 2021 Mar 23;11(3):e037935. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037935

Table 2.

Authorship type and gender of authors

Authorship type
(number of publications in the category)
Gender of authors, count (%) Significance
P value
Male only Female only Male and female
First author (n=2407) 1413 (58.7) 994 (41.3) N/A <0.001
First corresponding author (n=2371) 1565 (66.0) 806 (34.0) N/A <0.001
Last author (n=2406) 1853 (77.0) 553 (23.0) N/A <0.001
Joint first authors (n=458) 127 (27.7) 69 (15.1) 262 (57.2) <0.001
Joint corresponding authors (n=169) 107 (63.3) 49 (29.0) 13 (7.7) <0.001
Joint last authors (n=229) 108 (47.2) 23 (10.0) 98 (42.8) <0.001

N/A, not applicable.