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Tryptophan metabolism was altered in aging. (A) Tryptophan and (B) L-kynurenine, metabolite from tryptophan catabolism by host. (C, D) indole and indole-3-lactic acid, metabolites from tryptophan catabolism by gut bacteria. n=4, 5, 4 and 4 for the 3-, 12-, 18- and 28 months old (3M, 12M, 18M, 28M) groups, respectively.
