Extended Data Table 1|.
Population information for newly genotyped present-day individuals.
| Population | Language | Location | Latitude | Longitude | N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tibetan | Tibetic, Sino-Tibetan | Chamdo, Tibet, China | 31.1 | 97.2 | 12 |
| Tibetan | Tibetic, Sino-Tibetan | Gangcha, Qinghai, China | 37.3 | 100.2 | 20 |
| Tibetan | Tibetic, Sino-Tibetan | Gannan, Gansu, China | 35 | 102.9 | 5 |
| Tibetan | Tibetic, Sino-Tibetan | Lhasa, Tibet, China | 30 | 91.1 | 9 |
| Tibetan | Tibetic, Sino-Tibetan | Nagqu, Tibet, China | 31.5 | 92.1 | 7 |
| Tibetan | Tibetic, Sino-Tibetan | Shannan, Tibet, China | 29.2 | 91.8 | 10 |
| Tibetan | Tibetic, Sino-Tibetan | Shigatse, Tibet, China | 29.3 | 88.9 | 10 |
| Tibetan | Tibetic, Sino-Tibetan | Xinlong, Sichuan, China | 31 | 100.3 | 10 |
| Tibetan | Tibetic, Sino-Tibetan | Xunhua, Qinghai, China | 35.8 | 102.5 | 4 |
| Tibetan | Tibetic, Sino-Tibetan | Yajiang, Sichuan, China | 30 | 101 | 10 |
| Tibetan | Tibetic, Sino-Tibetan | Yunnan, China | 27.8 | 99.7 | 4 |
| Qiang | Qiangic, Sino-Tibetan | Daofu, Sichuan, China | 30.9 | 101.1 | 11 |
| Qiang | Qiangic, Sino-Tibetan | Danba, Sichuan, China | 30.8 | 101.9 | 9 |
| Han | Chinese, Sino-Tibetan | Chongqing, China | 29.3 | 106.3 | 3 |
| Han | Chinese, Sino-Tibetan | Fujian, China | 26.1 | 119.3 | 5 |
| Han | Chinese, Sino-Tibetan | Guangdong, China | 23.2 | 113.2 | 7 |
| Han | Chinese, Sino-Tibetan | Henan, China | 34.8 | 113.6 | 5 |
| Han | Chinese, Sino-Tibetan | Hubei, China | 30.5 | 114.3 | 5 |
| Han | Chinese, Sino-Tibetan | Jiangsu, China | 32.l | 118.8 | 7 |
| Han | Chinese, Sino-Tibetan | Shandong, China | 36.6 | 117 | 10 |
| Han | Chinese, Sino-Tibetan | Shanghai, China | 31.2 | 121.5 | 2 |
| Han | Chinese, Sino-Tibetan | Shanxi, China | 37.9 | 112.5 | 8 |
| Han | Chinese, Sino-Tibetan | Sichuan, China | 30.7 | 104.1 | 7 |
| Han | Chinese, Sino-Tibetan | Zhejiang, China | 30.3 | 120.2 | 5 |
| Zhuang | Tai, Tai-Kadai | Guangxi, China | 22.8 | 108.4 | 22 |
| Li | Hlai, Tai–Kadai | Hainan, China | 18.5 | 110 | 4 |
| Dong | Kam-Sui, Tai–Kadai | Guizhou, China | 26.7 | 106.6 | 13 |
| Dong | Kam-Sui, Tai–Kadai | Hunan, China | 27.4 | 109.2 | 7 |
| Mulam | Kam-Sui, Tai–Kadai | Luocheng, Guangxi, China | 24.8 | 108.9 | 17 |
| Maonan | Kam-Sui, Tai–Kadai | Huanjiang, Guangxi, China | 24.8 | 108.3 | 17 |
| Gelao | Kra, Tai-Kadai | Longlin, Baise, Guangxi, China | 24.8 | 105.3 | 10 |
| Bonan | Mongolic | Jishishan, Gansu, China | 35.7 | 102.8 | 10 |
| Dongxiang | Mongolic | Linxia, Gansu, China | 35.6 | 103.2 | 7 |
| Yugur-Eastern | Mongolic | Sunan, Gansu, China | 38.9 | 99.6 | 16 |
| Kazakh | Kipchak, Turkic | Kazak Autonomous County of Aksay, Gansu, China | 38.5 | 94.3 | 8 |
| Kyrgyz | Kipchak, Turkic | Urumqi, Xinjiang,China | 43.8 | 87.7 | 13 |
| Yugur-Westem | Turkic | Sunan, Gansu, China | 38.9 | 99.6 | 1 |
| Salar | Oghuz, Turkic | Xunhua, Qinghai, China | 35.8 | 102.5 | 8 |
| Bahun | Nepali, Indo-European | Nepal | 27.4 | 85.3 | 5 |
| Gurung | Tamangic, Sino-Tibetan | Nepal | 27.4 | 86.2 | 5 |
| Magar | Magaric, Sino-Tibetan | Nepal | 27.4 | 86.2 | 6 |
| Newar | Sino-Tibetan | Nepal | 27.4 | 85.3 | 8 |
| Rai | Kiranti/Nepali | Nepal | 27.4 | 85.3 | 5 |
| Sherpa | Tibetic, Bodish, Sino-Tibetan | Nepal | 27.4 | 85.3 | 4 |
| Tamang | Tamangic, Sino-Tibetan | Nepal | 27.4 | 86.2 | 8 |
| Tharu | Indo-Aryan, Indo-European | Nepal | 27.4 | 86.2 | 5 |