Table 3. Factors associated with a favorable outcome (3-month mRS score: 0–2).
| Univariate analysis (n = 539) | Multivariate analysis (n = 539) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factors | OR (95% CI) | p-value | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) | p-value |
| Early arrival at hospital (≤4.5 h) | 1.62 (1.04–2.52) | 0.032 | 2.03 (1.04–3.96) | 0.039 |
| Age (years) | 0.95 (0.94–0.97) | 0.000 | 0.97 (0.95–0.99) | 0.000 |
| Education | ||||
| >13 years | ref | - | - | |
| 7–12 years | 0.75 (0.45–1.26) | 0.282 | - | - |
| 0–6 years | 0.74 (0.45–1.22) | 0.236 | - | - |
| Clear onset | 1.93 (1.32–2.82) | 0.001 | 1.41 (0.86–2.31) | 0.169 |
| Previous mRS score | 0.45 (0.35–0.57) | 0.000 | 0.52 (0.38–0.69) | 0.000 |
| Hypertension | 1.30 (0.85–1.99) | 0.221 | - | - |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.05 (0.71–1.55) | 0.822 | - | - |
| Dyslipidemia | 1.28 (0.88–1.86) | 0.202 | - | - |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.71 (1.09–2.68) | 0.020 | 1.01 (0.54–1.87) | 0.981 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.27 (0.76–2.13) | 0.370 | - | - |
| Current smoker | 0.58 (0.37–0.90) | 0.016 | 1.48 (0.85–2.55) | 0.163 |
| Previous ischemic stroke or TIA | 0.68 (0.45–1.03) | 0.070 | 0.72 (0.42–1.24) | 0.236 |
| Previous use of antithromboticsb | 0.75 (0.52–1.1) | 0.136 | - | - |
| Acute thrombolysis therapy (IV-tPA or IAT) | 0.54 (0.32–0.91) | 0.020 | 2.09 (0.87–5.03) | 0.101 |
| Initial NIHSS score | 0.79 (0.75–0.83) | 0.000 | 0.77 (0.73–0.82) | 0.000 |
| Arrival at daytime | 0.95 (0.58–1.56) | 0.843 | - | - |
| Arrival at nighttime | 1.03 (0.63–1.70) | 0.898 | - | - |
aAdjusted for arrival time at hospital, age, type of stroke onset time (clear- or unclear-onset strokes), previous mRS score, history of atrial fibrillation, smoking status, previous ischemic stroke or TIA, acute thrombolysis therapy, and initial NIHSS score.
bAntiplatelets and anticoagulation agents.
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; TIA, transient ischemic stroke; IV, intravenous; tPA, tissue plasminogen activator; IAT, intra-arterial thrombectomy; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale.