Fig 17. Plots of the estimated mean R_e values (dot-dashed green line) for Lombardy (top row) and Italy (bottom row) over the whole sample period, using serial interval distributions SI₁ (left), SI₂ (middle), and SI₃ (right).

Upper and lower limits of the 95% confidence intervals for the mean are indicated by the red dashed lines, and the grey dotted line indicates the date at which the national lock down becomes effective.