Table-2.
Summary of farm questionnaire results (n=18 farms).
| Owner information | Number | % |
|---|---|---|
| Gender of farm owner | ||
| Male | 15 | 83% |
| Female | 3 | 17% |
| Owner education level | ||
| Illiterate | 0 | 0% |
| Primary | 7 | 39% |
| Secondary | 7 | 39% |
| Graduate | 4 | 22% |
| Age of farm owner | ||
| 35 years or younger | 6 | 33% |
| 36 50 years | 6 | 33% |
| 51 years or older | 6 | 33% |
| Owner experience in poultry | ||
| 10 years or less | 10 | 56% |
| 11 years or more | 8 | 44% |
| Gender of primary caretaker | ||
| Male | 6 | 33% |
| Female | 4 | 22% |
| Both | 8 | 44% |
| Facility information | No. | % |
| Distance of farm to the road | ||
| 100 m or less | 7 | 39% |
| 101 350 m | 5 | 28% |
| 351 m or more | 6 | 33% |
| Distance to the nearest farm | ||
| 100 m or less | 6 | 33% |
| 101 200 m | 7 | 39% |
| 201 m or more | 5 | 28% |
| Floor material | ||
| Concrete | 16 | 89% |
| Clay/Dirt | 2 | 11% |
| Cage | 0 | 0% |
| Style of chicken house | ||
| Two Sides Open | 7 | 39% |
| Three Sides Open | 5 | 28% |
| Four Sides Open | 6 | 33% |
| Closed | 0 | 0% |
| Age of the chicken houses | ||
| 4 years or less | 6 | 33% |
| 5 11 years | 6 | 33% |
| 12 years or older | 6 | 33% |
| Other domestic animals present | ||
| No | 10 | 56% |
| Yes | 8 | 44% |
| Frequency wildlife observed near poultry | ||
| Frequently (every day) | 9 | 50% |
| Semi frequently (once per week) | 3 | 17% |
| Rarely (once/mo) | 4 | 22% |
| Never | 2 | 11% |
| Feed, water, bedding information | No. | % |
| Type of bedding | ||
| Rice Husks | 18 | 100% |
| Type of feed | ||
| Pellet | 13 | 72% |
| Mash | 5 | 28% |
| Style of feeding | ||
| Automatic | 1 | 6% |
| Semi automatic | 0 | 0% |
| Manual | 17 | 94% |
| Source of water for farm | ||
| Tank | 7 | 39% |
| Tap | 9 | 50% |
| Well | 2 | 11% |
| Surface | 0 | 0% |
| Water delivery to poultry | ||
| Nipple type | 2 | 11% |
| Bell type | 15 | 83% |
| Open | 1 | 6% |
| Poultry information - general | Number | % |
| Poultry breeding on farm | ||
| No | 18 | 100% |
| Type of flock | ||
| Layer | 7 | 39% |
| Broiler | 10 | 56% |
| Mixed | 1 | 6% |
| Destination of meat/eggs | ||
| Consumer direct | 0 | 0% |
| Retailer | 6 | 33% |
| Wholesaler | 4 | 22% |
| Mixed | 8 | 44% |
| Collector | 0 | 0% |
| Feed restriction prior to sale | ||
| No | 17 | 94% |
| Yes | 1 | 6% |
| Poultry cohort management | ||
| All in all out | 11 | 61% |
| Staggered/mixed ages | 7 | 39% |
| Poultry health information | No. | % |
| Frequency of vet/paravet visit | ||
| Weekly | 5 | 28% |
| > once/year | 5 | 28% |
| Once/year | 7 | 39% |
| Never | 1 | 6% |
| Medical records kept | ||
| Yes | 9 | 50% |
| No | 9 | 50% |
| Vaccination frequency | ||
| At hatching | 2 | 11% |
| Regularly | 10 | 56% |
| Both | 6 | 33% |
| Vaccine administered by | ||
| Farm owner | 4 | 22% |
| Employee | 1 | 6% |
| Vet or paravet | 1 | 6% |
| Mixed | 11 | 61% |
| N/A | 1 | 6% |
| Farm biosecurity | No. | % |
| Type of PPE used | ||
| Boots | 16 | 89% |
| None | 2 | 11% |
| Quarantine area | ||
| No | 10 | 56% |
| Yes | 8 | 44% |
| Handwashing area | ||
| Yes | 18 | 100% |
| Soap present at handwash station | ||
| Yes | 16 | 89% |
| No | 2 | 11% |
| Disinfectants present | ||
| Yes | 9 | 50% |
| No | 9 | 50% |
| Footbath used | ||
| No | 16 | 89% |
| Yes | 2 | 11% |
| Cleaning frequency | ||
| Deep clean after slaughter | 7 | 39% |
| Spot cleaning weekly | 1 | 6% |
| Both | 8 | 44% |
| No cleaning | 1 | 6% |
| Time the house is kept empty between flocks | ||
| 10 days or less | 6 | 33% |
| 11 21 days | 5 | 28% |
| 22 90 days | 7 | 39% |
| Litter disposal location | ||
| Off site | 6 | 33% |
| Onsite near housing | 8 | 44% |
| Onsite away from housing | 4 | 22% |