Table-3.
Associations between non modifiable risk factors and finding NTS on farms.
| Variable/Risk factor | NTS + | NTS | Odd ratio (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Farm type | ||||
| Broiler | 8 | 2 | 12 (1.3 111.3) | 0.05 |
| Layer | 2 | 6 | ||
| House type | ||||
| Two sides open | 6 | 1 | 10.5 (0.9 121.4) | 0.07 |
| Three or more sides open | 4 | 7 | ||
| Education Level of farmer | ||||
| Secondary or Higher | 8 | 3 | 6.7 (0.8 55.0) | 0.14 |
| Primary only | 2 | 5 | ||
| Flock size | ||||
| Large (1200 or more) | 6 | 2 | 4.5 (0.6 34.6) | 0.19 |
| Small (<1200) | 4 | 6 | ||
| Frequency of wildlife/rodent/Pest seen | ||||
| Rare to never | 4 | 8 | 4 (0.5 33.3) | 0.32 |
| Weekly to daily | 4 | 2 | ||
| Age of houses | ||||
| Over 10 years old | 6 | 3 | 2.5 (0.4 16.9) | 0.64 |
| <10 years old | 4 | 5 | ||
| Age of farm owner | ||||
| Under 45 years | 6 | 3 | 2.5 (0.4 16.9) | 0.64 |
| 45 years old or above | 4 | 5 | ||
| Age of chickens | ||||
| Younger than 60 days | 6 | 3 | 2.5 (0.4 16.9) | 0.64 |
| 60 days or older | 4 | 5 | ||
| Floor material | ||||
| Clay/Soil | 1 | 0 | 2.7 (0.1 75.1) | 1.00 |
| Concrete | 9 | 8 | ||
| Water delivery method | ||||
| Others | 2 | 1 | 1.75 (0.1 23.7) | 1.00 |
| Bell type waterer | 8 | 7 | ||
| Distance from farm to road | ||||
| <100 m | 4 | 3 | 1.1 (0.2 7.5) | 1.00 |
| More than 100 m | 6 | 5 | ||
| Source of Water | ||||
| Municipal/Tap | 5 | 4 | 1.0 (0.2 6.4) | 1.00 |
| Well/Tank | 5 | 4 |