Table 2.
Bifunctional genes transcribed into both mRNA and lncRNA transcripts through alternative splicing
| Gene | mRNA transcripts | LncRNA transcripts | Relationship between transcripts | Target genes or regulated genes | Other significant results | Diseases or processes | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZNF695 | ZNF695 transcript variant TV1, TV4, TV5 | ZNF695 transcript variant TV3, TV6, TV7 | Not investigated | Not investigated | ZNF transcript variant TV3 has the potential to predict overall survival of leukemia patients | Childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia | [72] |
| PNUTS | PNUTS mRNA | LncRNA-PNUTS | Not investigated | miR-205 | HnRNP E1 regulates alternative splicing of PNUTS pre-RNA by binding to its splicing site | Breast cancer | [95] |
| HOXA10 | HOXA10 | LncHOXA10 | LncHOXA10 activates HOXA10 transcription | PTEN | SF3B1 modulates the alternative splicing of HOXA10; LncHOXA10 and HOXA10 promote liver tumor initiating cell self-renewal | Liver cancer | [96,100] |
| ASCC3 | ASCC3 long isoform | ASCC3 short isoform | Opposite roles in transcriptional regulation | Not investigated | Transcript elongation rates are reduced and transcriptions are restricted to the 5’ end of genes after UV irradiation | UV irradiation | [101] |
| SAT1 | SSAT1 | SSATX | SSATX functions as a melanoma tumor suppressor in a manner independent of SSAT1 | Genes involved in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Repression of SSATX promotes cell proliferation, invasion, migration and colony formation | Melanoma | [102] |
| SRA | SRAP | SRA | Repression of SRA has no effect on SRAP | E-cadherin, N-cadherin, β-catenin, CCL21, p38 | SRA regulates cancer cell proliferation, invasion, EMT and distant metastasis | Melanoma | [105] |