Table 2.

Characteristics of Included Studies Utilizing Health Informatics Strategies

Type of Health Informatics Technology	Primary Role of Health Informatics in Communication	First Author	Study Type	Setting	Comments on Strategy
EHR – Direct Access	Direct CHW Communication with Providers	Allen et al, 201518	Evaluation of CHW perspectives	CHWs recruited from American Public Health Association	CHWs used EHRs to communicate directly and indirectly with providers, make appointments, and track patients
		Valaitis et al29	Scoping review	Patient navigator programs across US	Navigators used EHRs to share information with providers
	Documentation of CHW Encounters	Gunn et al, 201430	Exploratory study	Patient navigation programs across US	Navigators used EMRs, charts, or other systems to document patient care
		Gunn et al, 201731	Mixed-methods analysis	Patient Navigation Research Program	Navigators documented/communicated patient progress with providers via EMR/IT systems
		Horny et al32	Retrospective cohort study	Boston Medical Center	Navigators recorded information, including patient barriers, in detailed navigator template forms in EMRs
		Johnson et al21	Perspective on CHWs	Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin	CHWs used EHRs to receive providers’ referrals and document patient progress
		Jolly et al33	Description of program	Cleveland Clinic	Navigators used EHR templates to document/communicate patient data
		King et al34	Evaluation of programs	Navajo clinics in Southwest US	CHWs documented patient encounters in EHR
		Ngo et al35	Guide	Sinai Urban Health Institute	CHWs documented case notes in EHRs
		Ramachandran et al36	Secondary analysis	Boston Patient Navigation Research Program	Navigators documented patient encounters, barriers to care, care plans, and progress in a template in EHR
		Reinschmidt et al13	Evaluation of programs	Federally Qualified Health Centers in Arizona	CHWs documented patient encounters into EHRs (directly during visits or copy from paper
		Rohan et al37	Randomized trial	Boston Medical Center	Navigators documented patient notes in medical records system form
		Spiro et al38	Description of CHW model	Massachusetts General Hospital Chelsea Community Health	CHWs entered patient progress into EMRs
		Vora et al39	Report on program	Charles B Wang Community Health Center	Navigators updated patient flow sheet in EMR; navigators reviewed patient history and patients’ barriers in EMR
EHR – Indirect Access	Documentation of CHW Encounters	Wennerstrom et al40	Description and evaluation of program	Patient Centered Medical Home in Louisiana	CHWs tracked patient information in electronic spreadsheets; medical office assistants attached spreadsheets to EHR
	Other	Lopez et al19	Protocol for randomized controlled trial	Community clinics in New York City	EHR intervention (routine patient registry reports, medical alerts, culturally tailored order sets) combined with CHW program
Mobile Applications	Direct CHW Communication with Providers AND Documentation of CHW Encounters	Cherrington et al41	Description of web application	Congregations for Public Health and Cooper Green Mercy Health System	CHWs used web based mobile application to document progress reports, track patients, and communicate with healthcare team
Cloud Based Systems	Direct CHW Communication with Providers AND Documentation of CHW Encounters	Kangovi et al, 201442 Kangovi et al, 201743	Randomized clinical trial	University of Pennsylvania IMPaCT Model	CHWs utilized cloud based software that integrates with EHRs to track workflow, analyze patient progress, create reports, and can be used to message providers
Web-Based Systems	Documentation of CHW Encounters	DeGroff et al44	Randomized control trial	Boston Medical Center	Navigators documented participant barriers in navigator database
		Justvig et al45	Prospective description	Stony Brook University Hospital	CHWs documented patient visits in Research Electronic Data Capture
		Kane et al46 Walton et al47	Analysis of CHW program outcomes	Baylor Health Care System/Baylor Scott and White Health community clinics	CHWs and providers utilized a HIPAA compliant web-based system to record patient progress and create reports that were added to patient’s medical records
		Percac-Lima et al48	Randomized clinical trial	Massachusetts General Primary Care Practice Research Network	Navigators used IT application to track/contact patients and document interventions