Table 3.
Prevalence ratios (PR) comparing the prevalence of detectable concentrations of urinary 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid-diisononyl ester (DINCH) metabolites across categories of demographic, lifestyle, and reproductive characteristics, and personal care product use.
| Correlate | MHiNCH PR (95% CI)a |
MCOCH PR (95% CI)a |
|---|---|---|
| Age (5-year increase) | 0.95 (0.78, 1.15) | 0.91 (0.67, 1.23) |
| Education (vs. Bachelor’s degree) | ||
| <High school | 1.26 (0.69, 2.32) | 0.93 (0.69, 1.25) |
| High school/GED | 1.29 (0.80, 2.09) | 1.66 (0.59, 4.65) |
| Some college/Associate’s/Technical | 1.18 (0.81, 1.70) | 2.43 (1.13, 5.25) |
| Advanced degree | 0.34 (0.14, 0.85) | 0.43 (0.10, 1.90) |
| Annual household income (vs. >$50,000) | ||
| <$20,000 | 1.09 (0.71, 1.66) | 0.98 (0.49, 1.97) |
| $20,000–$50,000 | 0.84 (0.55, 1.28) | 0.80 (0.39, 1.64) |
| Body mass index (5-kg/m2 increase) | 1.00 (0.98, 1.01) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) |
| Smoking (1 cigarette/day increase) | 0.98 (0.94, 1.02) | 0.96 (0.90, 1.03) |
| Alcohol (per each additional drink/day) | 0.99 (0.97, 1.01) | 1.00 (0.97, 1.02) |
| Parous vs. nulliparous | 1.19 (0.88, 1.61) | 1.11 (0.71, 1.74) |
| Current contraceptive use (vs. non-use of each product) | ||
| Vaginal ring use vs. not current | 1.07 (0.40, 2.91) | --b |
| Oral contraceptive use vs. not current | 1.15 (0.77, 1.71) | 1.10 (0.59, 2.05) |
| Depo medroxyprogesterone acetate use vs. not current | 0.67 (0.36, 1.24) | 1.04 (0.50, 2.19) |
| Intrauterine device use vs. not current | 1.04 (0.69, 1.56) | 0.83 (0.40, 1.70) |
| Product use in past 24 hours (vs. non-use of each product) | ||
| Vaginal product use | 1.17 (0.89, 1.56) | 1.31 (0.86, 1.99) |
| Hair product use | 0.91 (0.69, 1.20) | 0.91 (0.60, 1.38) |
| Nail product use | 0.90 (0.61, 1.33) | 0.96 (0.54, 1.70) |
| Make up, perfume, or cream use | 1.06 (0.69, 1.64) | 0.97 (0.51, 1.84) |
| Total personal care product use (per each additional product) | 0.98 (0.89, 1.07) | 1.04 (0.91, 1.19) |
DINCH=1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid-diisononyl ester; GED=General Educational Development; MCOCH=1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid-monocarboxy isooctyl ester; MHiNCH=1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid-monohydroxy isononyl ester; PR=prevalence ratio
a
Adjusted for all other correlates.
b
Not estimable because there were no vaginal ring users with detectable concentrations of MCOCH.