TABLE 1.
Examples of surveillance data presented on the AMRmap website.
| Data example | Interpretation | AMRmap analytics section and subsection | Web links |
| The most frequently isolated groups and species of nosocomial bacterial pathogens in Russia (2017–2018). | The gram-negative bacteria: Enterobacterales (51.9%), Pseudomonas spp. (16.9%), and Acinetobacter spp. (15.3%) dominate the epidemiology of nosocomial infections in Russia. | Organisms | https://amrmap.net/?id=4UhlM08Go23Go11 |
| Antibiotic susceptibilities of nosocomial Enterobacterales (2017–2018). | The data indicate a high prevalence of resistance to antibiotics commonly used for treatment of nosocomial infections, including oxyimino-cephalosporins (62.4–74.9%) and carbapenems (15.1–31.3%). | Antibiotic SIR Summary, Plot | https://amrmap.net/?id=AAGZM10rI45rI10 |
| Prevalence of resistance to meropenem in nosocomial Klebsiella pneumoniae by year. | Between 2006 and 2018, the resistance to meropenem has increased exponentially and was significantly higher in 2018 than in any preceding year (32.6%; 95%CI 29.5–35.8%; p < 0.05) | Selected Antibiotic, Plot by | https://amrmap.net/?id=AZv5d51eA44eA11 |
| Geographic prevalence of methicillin (oxacillin) resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (2017–2018). | The map (4A) shows a considerable geographic variation in MRSA prevalence (0–66.7%) with median prevalence in different regions of 16.1% (4B). | Selected Antibiotic, Map, Rating | 4A: https://amrmap.net/?id=lm2IM59nP47nP15 4B: https://amrmap.net/?id=agmOk52NP16NP07 |
| MIC distribution (5A) and time-trend MIC distribution (5B) of oxacillin against Staphylococcus spp. | The MIC distribution of oxacillin against clinical isolates of staphylococci remains fairly stable over time with MIC50 and MIC90 values corresponding to 0.5 and 256 mg/L, respectively. | Selected Antibiotic, MIC, MIC Trend | 5A: https://amrmap.net/?id=CUEHW04nt42nt08 5B: https://amrmap.net/?id=I7Oxx36Ln42Ln08 |
| Associated resistance rates to various antibiotics in nosocomial Acinetobacter baumannii (2017–2018). | Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates exhibit extremely high rates of associated resistance to all non-beta-lactam antibiotics except colistin (1.6%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (40%), and tobramycin (69%) (6A). A pan-resistant phenotype is observed in 0.7% (95% CI: 0.34–1.43) of the isolates (6B). | Associated Resistance, Matrix, Multiple resistance | 6A: https://amrmap.net/?id=ah5t124yd50yd09 6B: https://amrmap.net/?id=F3K1N442L512L09 |
| Geographical distribution of gram-negative bacteria producing various types of acquired carbapenemases. | The map (7A) shows the distribution of various acquired carbapenemases in Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter spp. in various regions of Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan. The most prevalent carbapenemases in Russia are the OXA-48-like and NDM in Enterobacterales (7B), VIM and GES-5-like in Pseudomonas spp. (7C), and OXA-24/40- and OXA-23-like in Acinetobacter spp. (7D). | Genetic Resistance Determinants, Map, Markers | 7A: https://amrmap.net/?id=oDavO19uA00uA11 7B: https://amrmap.net/?id=VmpKA506P166P11 7C: https://amrmap.net/?id=Qza0M39mr17mr13 7D: https://amrmap.net/?id=7kLJD24Ll19Ll11 |
| Percentage of nosocomial Enterobacterales carrying the genes of different acquired carbapenemases by year. | The data show a steady increase in the proportion of nosocomial Enterobacterales carrying the acquired carbapenemase genes from 0% in 2010 to 27.7% in 2018. | Genetic Resistance Determinants, Trend, Relative | https://amrmap.net/?id=Uu36C16rI28rI15 |
| Susceptibility of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) isolates to various antibiotics. | Colistin and ceftazidime-avibactam are the most active in vitro against CPE (82.4% and 75% susceptible isolates). About 30% of CPE are categorized as “susceptible” and another 16% are categorized as “susceptible, increased exposure” to imipenem and meropenem with the current EUCAST breakpoints. | Genetic Resistance Determinants, SIR Summary | https://amrmap.net/?id=0cN8I35N441N407 |
| MIC distribution of imipenem (10A) and meropenem (10B) for Enterobacterales carrying the genes of different carbapenemases. | In vitro MICs of carbapenems are generally high for isolates carrying the genes of NDM and KPC carbapenemases than those of OXA-48-like carbapenemases. | Genetic Resistance Determinants, MIC | 10A: https://amrmap.net/?id=R0sXI22Cj08Cj11 10B: https://amrmap.net/?id=zxYXu09YZ09YZ11 |
| Comparison of meropenem resistance rates among nosocomial and community Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates (2017–2018). | Resistance to meropenem is more than five times higher in nosocomial than in community P. aeruginosa isolates (49.4% vs. 9.1%, p = 0.0001) | Comparison, Summary | https://amrmap.net/?id=ug9Ob08im21im11 |
| Comparison of ciprofloxacin resistance rates among nosocomial and community urinary Escherichia coli isolates (2015–2016). | Resistance to ciprofloxacin is two times higher in nosocomial than in community urinary E. coli isolates (63.6% vs. 32%, p = 0.0001) | Comparison, Summary | https://amrmap.net/?id=nTRiC44ae26ae11 |