Table 3.

Comparison of studies based on an extended-culture approach for the CF “anaerobiome” description.

References	Number of patients/samples (type of samples)	Clinical state	Taxonomic affiliation detailed to the genus/species level	Number of strict anaerobic genera/species/ isolatesb	Delay between the sampling and anaerobiosis	Incubation time (days)	Identification methods applied on colonies
This study	80/112 (sputum)	All patients	Yes/yes	31/69/692	No delay	21	MALDI-TOF MSc, targeted qPCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing
Sherrard et al.37	80/199 (sputum)	All patients	Yes/no	23/NR/NM	No delay	2–5	16S rRNA gene sequencing
Muhlebach et al.4	255/255 (sputum, BAL)	All patients	Yes/yesa	18/49/NM	No delay	2–7	16S rRNA gene sequencing
Mirković et al.13	109/109 (sputum, BAL)	Only stable patients	Yes/yesa	8/22/NM	No delay	5–7	16S rRNA gene sequencing
O’Neill et al.6	41/41 (sputum)	Only stable patients	Yes/no	12/NM/NM	No delay	5–7	16S rRNA gene sequencing
Paganin et al.36	78/78 (sputum)	All patients	Yes/yes	5/18/NM	15 min	5–7	MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA/recA-gene sequencing
Sibley et al.38	117/246 (sputum)	All patients	Yes/yes	15/28/157	2 min	7	16S rRNA gene sequencing
Tunney et al.5	60/76 (sputum, BAL)	Only stable patients	Yes/yesa	7/12/NM	15 min	5–7	16S rRNA gene sequencing and RapID Ana II identification system

NR not realized, NM not mentioned, BAL bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, MALDI-TOF MS matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

^aNot available for all isolates.

^bOnly strict anaerobes, according to the Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology definition⁴⁶, were considered (if data available).

^bIdentification according to Li et al.⁴⁷