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. 2021 Mar 25;11:6931. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86162-w

Table 2.

Demographic data of children within studied ASD subgroups.

GIIIa N = 21 GIIIb N = 12 GIIIc N = 12 p-values
GIIIa vs GIIIb GIIIa vs GIIIc GIIIb vs GIIIc
Age of sampling (years)
Range 7–10 5–9 4–6 0.053 0.001* 0.01*
Mean ± SD 8.5 ± 1.1 7.2 ± 2.1 5.5 ± 1.7
Age of diagnosis (years)
Range 4–5 4–5 3–5 0.6 0.003* 0.03*
Mean ± SD 4.7 ± 0.5 4.1 ± 0.7 3.1 ± 0.9
Sex (%)
Male 14(66.7%) 8(66.7%) 10(83.3%) 0.7 0.5 0.6
Female 7(33.3%) 4(33.3%) 2(16.7%)
Siblings (%)
No 19(90.5%) 7(58.3%) 2(16.7%) 0.08 0.001* 0.09
Yes 2(9.5%) 5(41.7%) 10(83.3%)
Age of mother (years)
At time of childbirth
Range 24–38 28–40 30–44 0.007* 0.001* 0.08
Mean ± SD 29.8 ± 4.1 33.9 ± 3.6 36.7 ± 4.1
Age of father (years)
At time of childbirth
Range 29–43 35–47 38–52 0.002* 0.001* 0.09
Mean ± SD 35.4 ± 4.03 40.4 ± 3.7 43.3 ± 4.5

GIIIa; mild autism spectrum disorder, GIIIb; moderate autism spectrum disorder, GIIIc; severe autism spectrum disorder, N; number, SD; standard deviation, *p-value < 0.05 = significant.