Table 4.
Cox regression analysis of mortality, all-cause and cardiovascular-related hospitalizations
| Independent variables | Unit/comparison | Mortality | All-cause hospitalization | CV-2 complications | CV-3 complications | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | ||
| Age | Per year | 1.04 (1.03–1.04) | < 0.001 | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | < 0.001 | 1.01 (1.00–1.01) | < 0.001 | 1.02 (1.01–1.02) | < 0.001 |
| Female gender | No vs. yes (n = 15,286) | 0.79 (0.73–0.86) | < 0.001 | 0.86 (0.83–0.89) | < 0.001 | 0.81 (0.78–0.85) | < 0.001 | 0.79 (0.75–0.84) | < 0.001 |
| CCI | Per point | 1.17 (1.15–1.18) | < 0.001 | 1.05 (1.05–1.06) | < 0.001 | 1.06 (1.05–1.07) | < 0.001 | 1.10 (1.09–1.11) | < 0.001 |
| aDCSI | Per point | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 0.062 | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | < 0.001 | 1.05 (1.04–1.06) | < 0.001 | 1.05 (1.03–1.06) | < 0.001 |
| DMP participation | No vs. Yes (n = 20,021) | 0.69 (0.64–0.75) | < 0.001 | 0.94 (0.90–0.97) | < 0.001 | 0.88 (0.84–0.92) | < 0.001 | 0.74 (0.69–0.78) | < 0.001 |
| Insulin | Naïve vs. ≥ 1 prescription | 1.25 (1.15–1.36) | < 0.001 | 1.14 (1.10–1.18) | < 0.001 | 1.18 (1.13–1.24) | < 0.001 | 1.28 (1.21–1.37) | < 0.001 |
| Other AD | Naïve vs. ≥ 1 prescription | 0.74 (0.68–0.80) | < 0.001 | 0.89 (0.86–0.91) | < 0.001 | 0.89 (0.85–0.93) | < 0.001 | 0.83 (0.78–0.88) | < 0.001 |
| Digitalis glycosides | Naïve vs. ≥ 1 prescription | 1.52 (1.37–1.71) | < 0.001 | 1.25 (1.19–1.32) | < 0.001 | 1.63 (1.54–1.73) | < 0.001 | 1.25 (1.15–1.37) | < 0.001 |
| Diuretics | Naïve vs. ≥ 1 prescription | 1.32 (1.20–1.45) | < 0.001 | 1.25 (1.20–1.30) | < 0.001 | 2.04 (1.93–2.16) | < 0.001 | 1.04 (0.97–1.11) | 0.276 |
| Guideline adherence (base = “green: fully adherent”) | Non-adherent (red) vs. green | 6.79 (5.80–7.95) | < 0.001 | 1.22 (1.15–1.30) | < 0.001 | 2.88 (2.63–3.16) | < 0.001 | 1.78 (1.61–1.96) | < 0.001 |
| Partly adherent (yellow) vs. green | 1.30 (1.11–1.51) | 0.001 | 1.13 (1.08–1.18) | < 0.001 | 2.11 (1.95–2.27) | < 0.001 | 0.71 (0.65–0.76) | < 0.001 | |
Multivariate regression models exploring potential risk factors for mortality, hospital admission and combined endpoint CV-2 (hospital admission with HF or death) and CV-3 (hospital admission with stroke, MI or death)
AD antidiabetic drugs, DMP Disease Management Program, CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio, P probability value for obtained test results,