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. 2021 Mar 12;12:518369. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.518369

Table 4.

Partial correlations (controlled for employees' sex and age) between employees' self-assessed character strengths, GMA, and the Big Five (VIA-IS120 scales, CFT 20-R, MRS-25 scales) and supervisor ratings of employees' productive and counterproductive work behavior (WRPS and WDS scales).

WRPS WDS
Individual task Team member Organization member
Variable Overall Total Prof Adapt Proact Total Prof Adapt Proact Total Prof Adapt Proact Overall Int Org
VIA-IS120
Creativity 0.37 0.41 0.29 0.44 0.34 0.33 0.19 0.39 0.30 0.30 0.29 0.32 0.19 −0.24 −0.01 −0.35
Curiosity 0.38 0.39 0.25 0.41 0.36 0.32 0.16 0.33 0.35 0.34 0.29 0.37 0.25 −0.14 0.02 −0.20
Judgment 0.52 0.56 0.55 0.52 0.42 0.44 0.28 0.46 0.41 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.31 −0.32 −0.07 −0.42
Love of learning 0.45 0.41 0.29 0.38 0.40 0.44 0.31 0.41 0.44 0.40 0.38 0.34 0.34 −0.30 −0.21 −0.26
Perspective 0.48 0.44 0.44 0.42 0.31 0.46 0.38 0.44 0.38 0.45 0.46 0.39 0.34 −0.44 −0.21 −0.46
Bravery 0.47 0.53 0.49 0.54 0.36 0.36 0.20 0.42 0.32 0.43 0.44 0.42 0.30 −0.30 −0.04 −0.43
Perseverance 0.63 0.68 0.73 0.61 0.46 0.53 0.43 0.54 0.43 0.55 0.59 0.51 0.37 −0.48 −0.16 −0.58
Honesty 0.61 0.53 0.56 0.48 0.37 0.59 0.55 0.59 0.42 0.57 0.57 0.52 0.42 −0.49 −0.25 −0.52
Zest 0.45 0.49 0.47 0.47 0.36 0.40 0.34 0.38 0.32 0.38 0.47 0.36 0.20 −0.38 −0.12 −0.45
Love 0.32 0.27 0.27 0.24 0.19 0.39 0.39 0.36 0.27 0.23 0.29 0.18 0.16 −0.38 −0.24 −0.34
Kindness 0.52 0.42 0.44 0.40 0.27 0.57 0.57 0.55 0.39 0.45 0.48 0.41 0.32 −0.49 −0.27 −0.47
Social intelligence 0.50 0.40 0.46 0.32 0.28 0.60 0.64 0.54 0.41 0.41 0.49 0.33 0.29 −0.53 −0.36 −0.46
Teamwork 0.64 0.52 0.56 0.44 0.37 0.74 0.80 0.66 0.49 0.53 0.60 0.45 0.38 −0.63 −0.38 −0.58
Fairness 0.60 0.52 0.52 0.47 0.38 0.63 0.60 0.58 0.47 0.53 0.57 0.45 0.39 −0.57 −0.35 −0.54
Leadership 0.66 0.52 0.44 0.49 0.43 0.61 0.46 0.61 0.53 0.73 0.63 0.65 0.65 −0.44 −0.20 −0.45
Forgiveness 0.49 0.41 0.39 0.39 0.30 0.54 0.54 0.48 0.41 0.41 0.50 0.34 0.27 −0.54 −0.38 −0.45
Modesty 0.32 0.31 0.29 0.31 0.21 0.34 0.35 0.29 0.24 0.25 0.33 0.23 0.11 −0.28 −0.12 −0.32
Prudence 0.33 0.37 0.34 0.37 0.26 0.29 0.19 0.32 0.25 0.28 0.33 0.28 0.13 −0.17 −0.03 −0.22
Self-regulation 0.41 0.46 0.48 0.41 0.32 0.36 0.33 0.33 0.29 0.32 0.40 0.28 0.18 −0.40 −0.19 −0.42
Appreciation 0.11 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.03 0.16 0.18 0.16 0.08 0.09 0.15 0.06 0.03 −0.19 −0.12 −0.13
Gratitude 0.32 0.32 0.36 0.27 0.23 0.37 0.38 0.36 0.24 0.21 0.31 0.19 0.07 −0.37 −0.23 −0.32
Hope 0.44 0.42 0.42 0.35 0.33 0.42 0.34 0.40 0.37 0.39 0.48 0.30 0.26 −0.40 −0.21 −0.40
Humor 0.48 0.42 0.31 0.47 0.31 0.43 0.30 0.45 0.38 0.50 0.45 0.46 0.42 −0.31 −0.07 −0.37
Spirituality 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.08 0.10 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.02 −0.14 −0.09 −0.09
CFT 20-R
GMA 0.39 0.44 0.36 0.41 0.39 0.37 0.34 0.32 0.31 0.27 0.22 0.24 0.26 −0.27 −0.05 −0.33
MRS-25
Neuroticism −0.27 −0.28 −0.28 −0.22 −0.24 −0.25 −0.21 −0.18 −0.26 −0.21 −0.22 −0.13 −0.22 0.32 0.18 0.31
Extraversion 0.30 0.23 0.34 0.11 0.14 0.35 0.45 0.26 0.21 0.27 0.33 0.19 0.22 −0.45 −0.26 −0.43
Culture 0.32 0.33 0.30 0.33 0.23 0.30 0.28 0.30 0.22 0.26 0.27 0.23 0.19 −0.36 −0.19 −0.38
Agreeableness 0.34 0.29 0.35 0.23 0.18 0.38 0.43 0.32 0.24 0.30 0.33 0.26 0.21 −0.38 −0.30 −0.30
Conscientiousness 0.40 0.36 0.41 0.32 0.22 0.37 0.34 0.36 0.27 0.38 0.37 0.34 0.30 −0.36 −0.15 −0.40

N = 169. WRPS = Work Role Performance Scale (Griffin et al., 2007): Overall = Overall job performance, Total = Composite score of 3 respective scales, Prof = Proficiency, Adapt = Adaptivity, Proact = Proactivity. WDS = Workplace Deviance Scale (Bennett and Robinson, 2000): Overall = Overall deviant behavior at work, Int = Interpersonal deviance, Org = Organizational deviance. VIA-IS120 = Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (Littman-Ovadia, 2015). R2 = multiple correlation coefficient including all character strengths that were significantly related at p < 0.0016; CFT 20-R = Revised Culture Fair Intelligence Test Scale 2 (Weiß, 2006); GMA = general mental ability; MRS-25 = Minimal Redundancy Scales (Ostendorf, 1990). Significance cut-off: correlation coefficients ≥|0.25| were significant at p < 0.0016.