Table 2.

Predictors of baseline gametocyte density among infections containing gametocytes in the school cohort.

Predictor	N gametocyte positive	Bivariate associations*		Multivariable associations*
		% Difference** [95% CI]	p-value	% Difference [95% CI]	p-value
Site/schoola
Bvumbwe	19	Ref	0.36	Ref	0.20
Ngowe	24	− 39 [− 93 to 470]		− 50 [− 89 to 123]
Maseya	71	− 63 [− 95 to 170]		− 37 [− 81 to 108]
Makhuwira	65	− 79 [− 97 to 70]		− 70 [− 91 to 1]
Season
Dry	77	Ref	< 0.001	Ref	< 0.001
Rainy	102	4740 [2210 to 10040]		5186 [2447 to 10870]
Age (per year increase)	179	− 12 [− 29 to 10]	0.25	− 18 [− 30 to − 3]	0.02
Sex
Male	92	Ref	0.12
Female	87	150 [− 20 to 710]
Hemoglobin
Not anemic	137	Ref	0.42
Anemicb	41	80 [− 58 to 670]
Fever statusc
Afebrile	78	Ref	0.13
Febrile	101	120 [− 20 to 510]
Recent treatmentd
Not treated	168	Ref	0.21
Treated	10	340 [− 56 to 4240]
Slept under a nete
No	102	Ref	0.30
Yes	73	90 [− 43 to 510]

*Obtained in a survey weighted (weights calculated by school*standard) linear regression with logarithm transformed gametocyte density as an outcome, and analyzing the variables shown in the table.

**Percent difference in gametocyte density from reference category is calculated as: [exp(coeff) − 1] × 100.

OR = Odds Ratio; CI = Confidence Interval. Bold values are statistically significant for p-values < 0.05.

^aUnivariate association for school, all bivariate include adjustment for school.

^bHemoglobin < 11.0 g/dL; 1 missing observation.

^cMeasured temperature ≥ 37.5 °C at baseline visit or reported in the last two weeks.

^dReported in the last two weeks; 1 missing observations.

^e4 missing observations.