TABLE 2.
Levels of whole blood metal(loid)s in non‐severe and severe patients with COVID‐19
| Elements (reference range), IQR | Disease status, median (IQR) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | Non‐severe | Severe | P | |
| Mg (31.9‐48.0), mg/L | 39.13 (36.63‐41.94) | 39.46 (37.07‐42.31) | 38.33 (35.18‐40.4) | .002 |
| Ca (46.9‐66.8), mg/L | 64.54 (60.61‐69.12) | 63.55 (60.02‐67.47) | 68.20 (61.85‐71.93) | <.001 |
| Cr (<0.50‐0.76), µg/L | 0.85 (0.72‐1.08) | 0.81 (0.69‐0.97) | 1.03 (0.8‐1.3) | <.001 |
| Mn (8.1‐18.5), µg/L | 12.05 (9.74‐14.77) | 12.96 (10.63‐15.43) | 10.56 (8.63‐13.13) | <.001 |
| Fe (406.5‐576.7), mg/L | 419.87 (363.42‐465.34) | 436.8 (393.26‐479.73) | 370.24 (330.04‐428.21) | <.001 |
| Cu (634.1‐999.4), µg/L | 865.02 (779.75‐987.13) | 838.55 (770.47‐950.13) | 929.73 (828.52‐1080.02) | <.001 |
| Zn (4.3‐7.8), mg/L | 6.44 (5.84‐7.09) | 6.61 (5.91‐7.25) | 6.18 (5.67‐6.79) | .001 |
| As (0.93‐8.14), µg/L | 1.43 (1.05‐1.84) | 1.59 (1.25‐1.99) | 1.09 (0.77‐1.45) | <.001 |
| Cd (0.22‐6.44), µg/L | 0.70 (0.49‐0.99) | 0.71 (0.48‐1.01) | 0.7 (0.5‐0.96) | .654 |
| Hg (<1.15‐5.97), µg/L | 1.56 (1.15‐2.11) | 1.68 (1.2‐2.1) | 1.45 (<1.15‐2.12) | .119 |
| Tl (<0.05‐0.09), µg/L | <0.05 (<0.05‐0.06) | 0.05 (<0.05‐0.06) | <0.05 (<0.05‐0.05) | <.001 |
| Pb (8.7‐48.1), µg/L | 11.56 (9.06‐15.73) | 12.37 (9.51‐16.32) | 10.57 (8.78‐14.51) | .012 |
Abbreviations: As, arsenic; Ca, calcium; Cd, cadmium; Cr, chromium; Cu, copper; Fe, iron; Hg, mercury; Mg, magnesium; Mn, manganese; Pb, lead; Tl, thallium; Zn, Zinc.
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