TABLE 3.
The disease‐specific top‐1 sensitivity, top‐3 sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and AUC from 5‐fold validation are depicted below. The overall top‐1 accuracy and top‐3 accuracy for COVID‐19‐suspected lesions is also shown. NA: not available, ND: not determined
| Disease class | Top1 Sensitivity (mean ± SD) | Top3 Sensitivity (mean ± SD) | Specificity (mean ± SD) | PPV (mean ± SD) | NPV (mean ± SD) | AUC (mean) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acne | 92.35 ± 2.65 | 97.91 ± 1.91 | 99.16 ± 0.23 | 91.02 ± 2.14 | 99.30 ± 0.24 | 0.99 |
| Bullous pemphigoid | 80.65 ± 7.90 | 93.55 ± 4.56 | 99.70 ± 0.14 | 86.58 ± 4.62 | 99.56 ± 0.18 | 0.96 |
| COVID‐19 confirmed | 84.15 ± 5.12 | 95.74 ± 4.89 | 99.53 ± 0.24 | 88.01 ± 5.59 | 99.38 ± 0.20 | 0.97 |
| Chicken pox | 79.60 ± 4.97 | 90.07 ± 4.26 | 99.52 ± 0.26 | 83.33 ± 6.73 | 99.42 ± 0.14 | 0.94 |
| Fixed drug eruption | 86.67 ± 10.19 | 92.73 ± 7.30 | 99.67 ± 0.24 | 87.00 ± 9.06 | 99.67 ± 0.25 | 0.96 |
| Herpes zoster | 86.47 ± 3.70 | 95.35 ± 2.26 | 99.41 ± 0.18 | 85.28 ± 3.73 | 99.47 ± 0.14 | 0.97 |
| Impetigo & Pyodermas | 88.63 ± 1.73 | 95.37 ± 3.12 | 99.23 ± 0.27 | 89.67 ± 3.22 | 99.16 ± 0.12 | 0.97 |
| Lichen planus | 81.26 ± 3.23 | 96.26 ± 1.90 | 99.02 ± 0.24 | 84.77 ± 3.15 | 98.76 ± 0.21 | 0.97 |
| Normal skin | 98.24 ± 1.21 | 98.81 ± 1.25 | 99.72 ± 0.07 | 94.88 ± 1.22 | 99.91 ± 0.06 | 0.99 |
| Paronychia | 94.33 ± 1.49 | 99.00 ± 2.24 | 99.85 ± 0.07 | 90.97 ± 3.96 | 99.91 ± 0.03 | 0.99 |
| Pemphigus | 77.73 ± 6.62 | 94.32 ± 2.69 | 99.31 ± 0.14 | 80.72 ± 3.37 | 99.17 ± 0.24 | 0.96 |
| Pityriasis rosea | 84.08 ± 4.45 | 96.50 ± 1.63 | 99.18 ± 0.27 | 80.32 ± 4.83 | 99.38 ± 0.17 | 0.98 |
| Pityriasis versicolor | 83.66 ± 4.61 | 95.49 ± 2.61 | 99.66 ± 0.19 | 86.87 ± 7.20 | 99.57 ± 0.11 | 0.97 |
| Psoriasis | 85.39 ± 2.23 | 96.99 ± 1.09 | 97.91 ± 0.28 | 86.01 ± 1.45 | 97.81 ± 0.33 | 0.97 |
| Rosacea | 95.72 ± 3.10 | 99.10 ± 0.93 | 99.57 ± 0.17 | 93.83 ± 2.42 | 99.71 ± 0.21 | 0.99 |
| Secondary syphilis | 88.40 ± 8.67 | 95.95 ± 3.91 | 99.58 ± 0.22 | 86.49 ± 6.51 | 99.66 ± 0.25 | 0.98 |
| Tinea cruris, corporis or faciei | 90.03 ± 1.35 | 98.35 ± 0.53 | 97.94 ± 0.38 | 89.23 ± 1.80 | 98.11 ± 0.26 | 0.98 |
| Tineamanuum | 86.24 ± 5.88 | 96.98 ± 4.14 | 99.70 ± 0.14 | 85.16 ± 6.42 | 99.73 ± 0.11 | 0.98 |
| Tinea pedis | 91.60 ± 4.44 | 98.48 ± 0.85 | 99.46 ± 0.11 | 86.97 ± 2.50 | 99.67 ± 0.18 | 0.99 |
| Urticaria | 79.47 ± 5.05 | 94.96 ± 4.17 | 99.50 ± 0.12 | 84.04 ± 3.82 | 99.33 ± 0.17 | 0.97 |
| Overall accuracy | 87.65 ± 0.00 | 96.72 ± 0.19 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| COVID‐19 suspected | 63.26 ± 1.26 | 88.24 ± 1.69 | ND | ND | ND | ND |