Table 1.

Item-level factor analysis of the T-TPQ (N =167)

Items	Factor 1
My unit operates at a high level of efficiency.	.79
My unit has clearly articulated goals.	.77
My supervisor/manager takes time to meet with staff to develop a plan for patient care.	.77
My supervisor/manager resolves conflicts successfully.	.77
Staff relay relevant information in a timely manner.	.77
Staff follow a standardized method of sharing information when handing off patients.	.76
Staff share information regarding potential complications (e.g., patient changes, bed availability).	.74
When communicating with patients, staff allow enough time for questions.	.73
Staff meets to reevaluate patient care goals when aspects of the situation have changed.	.72
Staff within my unit share information that enables timely decision making by the direct patient care team.	.72
My supervisor/manager ensures that staff are aware of any situations or changes that may affect patient care.	.72
Staff exchange relevant information when it becomes available.	.71
Staff continuously scan the environment for important information.	.71
Staff verbally verify information that they receive from one another.	.70
Feedback between staff is delivered in a way that promotes positive interactions and future change.	.70
Staff seek information from all available sources.	.69
My supervisor/manager models appropriate team behavior.	.69
Staff understand their roles and responsibilities.	.69
My supervisor/manager considers staff input when making decisions about patient care.	.69
My supervisor/manager provides opportunities to discuss the unit’s performance after an event.	.69
Information regarding patient care is explained to patients and their families in lay terms.	.69
Staff are held accountable for their actions.	.69
My unit makes efficient use of resources (e.g., staff supplies, equipment, information).	.67
Staff assist fellow staff during high workload.	.67
Staff use common terminology when communicating with each other.	.67
My supervisor/manager ensures that adequate resources (e.g., staff, supplies, equipment, information) are available.	.67
Staff correct each other’s mistakes to ensure that procedures are followed properly.	.66
When staff have a concern about patient safety, they challenge others until they are sure the concern has been heard.	.66
Staff request assistance from fellow staff when they feel overwhelmed.	.63
Staff caution each other about potentially dangerous situations.	.62
The skills of staff overlap sufficiently so that work can be shared when necessary.	.61
Staff effectively anticipate each other’s needs.	.61
Staff resolve their conflicts, even when the conflicts have become personal.	.60
Staff advocate for patients even when their opinion conflicts with that of a senior member of the unit.	.48
Staff monitor each other’s performance.	.47
Alpha (α)	.97