Table 2.
Individual-level validation in exit survey report of Chlorhexidine cord-application, EN-BIRTH study (n = 6748)
| Azimpur (BD) Tertiary |
Kushtia (BD) District |
Pokhara (NP) Regional |
Pooled (Random effects) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | (CI) | N (%) | (CI) | N (%) | (CI) | N% | (CI) | |
| Exit-survey denominator | 2826 live births | 2253 live births | 6748 live births | |||||
| All modes of birth combined | ||||||||
| Observer prevalence % | 2582 (89.3) | 2257 (97.9) | 7112 (99.4) | 96.6 | (88.8, 99.9) | |||
| Survey-reported prevalence % | 12 (0.4) | 840 (37.3) | 604 (9) | 11..3 | (0.3, 34.6) | |||
| Don’t know responses % | 2189 (77.5) | 1251 (55.5) | 5355 (79.4) | 71.5 | (57.3, 83.7) | |||
| INCLUDES DON’T KNOW AS NO | ||||||||
| 10 Cell Counts | No | Yes | No | |||||
| % agreement | 11.0 | 38.4 | 9.5 | 18.1 | (5.5, 35.9) | |||
| Sensitivity | ** | ** | 37.7 | (35.6, 39.7) | ** | ** | 11.5 | (0.3, 34.9) |
| Specificity | ** | ** | 71.7 | (56.5, 84) | ** | ** | 93.0 | (66.0, 100.0) |
| EXCLUDES DON’T KNOW | ||||||||
| > 10 Cell Counts | No | No | No | |||||
| % agreement | 11.5 | 83.7 | 44.2 | 45.8 | (10.0, 84.3) | |||
| Sensitivity | 2.1 | (1.1, 3.6) | 84.7 | (82.3, 86.9) | 44.1 | (41.4, 46.8) | 39.7 | (2.7, 86.7) |
| Specificity | 100 | (94.1, 100) | 23.5 | (6.8, 49.9) | 60 | (14.7, 94.7) | 70 | (3.2, 100) |
| Vaginal births | ||||||||
| Observer prevalence % | 731 (96.3) | 1290 (96.5) | 6075 (99.4) | 97.7 | (94.4, 99.6) | |||
| Survey-reported prevalence % | 4 (0.5) | 601 (45.9) | 536 (9.3) | 13.6 | (0.3, 41.7) | |||
| Don’t know responses % | 565 (76.5) | 629 (48.1) | 4508 (78.6) | 68.5 | (47.9, 85.9) | |||
| INCLUDES DON’T KNOW AS NO | ||||||||
| > 10 Cell Counts | No | Yes | No | |||||
| % agreement | 4.2 | 47.8 | 9.9 | 17.4 | (1.6, 4.4) | |||
| Sensitivity | ** | ** | 46.9 | (44.1, 49.7) | ** | ** | 13.9 | (0.3, 42.5) |
| Specificity | ** | ** | 72.7 | (57.2, 85) | ** | ** | 91.6 | (70.3, 100.0) |
| EXCLUDES DON’T KNOW | ||||||||
| > 10 Cell Counts | No | No | No | |||||
| % agreement | 5.2 | (2.4, 9.6) | 88.2 | (85.6, 90.6) | 44.4 | (41.6, 47.3) | 44.4 | (7.5, 85.6) |
| Sensitivity | 2.4 | (0.7, 6) | 89.8 | (87.2, 92) | 44.3 | (41.5, 47.2) | 42.8 | (5, 86.8) |
| Specificity | 100 | (47.8, 100) | 25 | (7.3, 52.4) | 60 | (14.7, 94.7) | 63.2 | (11.5, 100) |
| Caesarean births | ||||||||
| Observer prevalence % | 1850 (86.8) | 967 (99.8) | 1037 (99.2) | 97.1 | (85.6, 100.0) | |||
| Survey-reported prevalence % | 8 (0.4) | 239 (25.3) | 66 (6.7) | 7.9 | (0.0, 27.9) | |||
| Don’t know responses % | 1624 (77.9) | 622 (65.9) | 823 (83.7) | 76.4 | (66.6, 85.0) | |||
| INCLUDES DON’T KNOW AS NO | ||||||||
| > 10 Cell Counts | No | No | No | |||||
| % agreement | 13.4 | 25.4 | 7.1 | ** | ** | |||
| Sensitivity | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
| Specificity | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
| EXCLUDES DON’T KNOW | ||||||||
| > 10 Cell counts | No | No | No | |||||
| % agreement | 13.9 | (10.9, 17.4) | 74.1 | (69, 78.8) | 42.3 | (34, 50.8) | 42.4 | (7.4, 82.7) |
| Sensitivity | 2 | (0.9, 3.9) | 74.4 | (69.2, 79.1) | 42.3 | (34, 50.8) | 34.7 | (0, 88.4) |
| Specificity | 100 | (93.6, 100) | 0 | (0, 97.5) | – | – | 34.7 | (0, 88.4) |
n = 12,379 observed live births, n = 11,827 live births with survey
** = result suppressed due to 10 or fewer count per column of two-by-two table
7.1% Chlorhexidine solution applied to the umbilicus