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. 2021 Mar 26;21:169. doi: 10.1186/s12888-021-03177-3

Table 3.

Frequency of parental bonding styles in psychiatric patients

Parental bonding styles DepressionFrequency (%) BipolarFrequency (%) SchizophreniaFrequency (%) x62 P-value
Mother Affectionate constrains 4 (9.1) 1 (2.3) 11 (25.6) 17.66 0.007
Affectionless control 5 (11.4) 4 (9.3) 8 (18.6)
Neglect style 10 (22.7) 17 (39.5) 7 (16.3)
Optimal style 25 (56.8) 21 (48.9) 17 (39.5)
Father Affectionate constrains 5 (11.4) 5 (11.6) 9 (20.9) 2.67 0.848
Affectionless control 6 (13.6) 7 (16.3) 4 (9.3)
Neglect style 16 (36.4) 15 (34.9) 14 (32.6)
Optimal style 17 (38.6) 16 (37.2) 16 (37.2)