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. 2021 Feb 24;13(3):713. doi: 10.3390/nu13030713

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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B. longum PI10 and the mixture of B. animalis subsp. lactis LA804 and L. gasseri LA806 modulated hypothalamic expression of genes involved in food intake and energy expenditure. The expression levels of genes encoding (A), leptin (lep), (B) leptin receptor (lepr) (C) orexin (hcrt), and (D) proopiomelanocortin (Pomc) were quantified in the hypothalamus of LFD-fed mice and HFD-fed mice treated or not with the selected probiotic strains by RT-qPCR. Values are expressed as the relative mRNA levels compared with LFD mice and expressed as mean ± SEM of 6 (LFD group) to 8 (HFD groups) mice per group. *corresponds to treatment effect (Probiotic vs. Excipient), * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.