Table 2.

Response of inflammatory-related genes in hippocampus following TBI

	Gene symbol	1 d		3 d		7 d
		Fold (range)	P-value	Fold (range)	P-value	Fold (range)	P-value
Anti-inflammatory	Arg1	0.37 (0.26–0.53)	0.005	0.54 (0.39–0.75)	0.025	1.29 (0.81–2.04)	0.340
	Ccl22	0.69 (0.3–1.62)	0.550	0.35 (0.30–0.42)	0.151	1.08 (0.64–1.82)	0.799
	Epas1	0.61 (0.47–0.78)	0.001	0.85 (0.63–1.14)	0.301	1.21(0.88–1.66)	0.271
	Il4	0.28 (0.12–0.61)	0.072	0.57 (0.27–1.23)	0.285	1.71 (0.73–4.01)	0.351
	Pparg	0.61 (0.44–0.83)	0.032	0.52 (0.24–1.11)	0.178	1.01 (0.75–1.37)	0.952
	Sphk1	6.10 (3.4–10.9)	0.004	1.49 (1.03–2.16)	0.390	0.83 (0.69–1.01)	0.275
	Stat6	0.66 (0.51–0.86)	0.013	0.92 (0.78–1.09)	0.514	1.22 (0.95–1.56)	0.155
	Tgfb1	1.53 (1.2–1.94)	0.006	2.28 (1.85–2.82)	0	0.60 (0.34–1.07)	0.282
	Tgm2	2.40 (1.78–3.24)	0.011	1.17 (0.99–1.39)	0.220	1.31 (0.81–2.11)	0.442
Pro-inflammatory	Ccr2	10.67 (6.3–18.0)	0.004	4.93 (3.54–6.88)	0.007	0.65 (0.21–2.00)	0.505
	Ccl2	160 (85.5–299.8)	0.002	15.43 (8.16–29.2)	0.001	0.47 (0.17–1.27)	0.367
	Ccr7	0.47 (0.3–0.74)	0.079	0.74 (0.45–1.21)	0.361	1.54 (1.14–2.07)	0.242
	Cd86	0.87 (0.47–1.59)	0.646	2.51 (1.91–3.31)	0.007	0.50 (0.28–0.92)	0.290
	Il12a	0.30 (0.21–0.42)	0.001	0.55 (0.45–0.67)	0	1.26 (0.94–1.67)	0.396
	Il12b	0.36 (0.24–0.54)	0.010	0.44 (0.30–0.64)	0.057	0.76 (0.51–1.14)	0.235
	Il1b	9.46 (6.55–13.7)	0.001	1.58 (1.23–2.04)	0.053	0.50 (0.27–0.94)	0.458
	Il6	0.78 (0.51–1.18)	0.392	0.76 (0.48–1.22)	0.512	1.13 (0.77–1.68)	0.737
	Nos2	2.12 (0.47–9.6)	0.395	0.51 (0.43–0.60)	0.098	0.47 (0.12–1.80)	0.702
	Stat1	0.89 (0.7–1.14)	0.377	0.98 (0.81–1.18)	0.720	1.15 (0.87–1.52)	0.314
	Aif1	1.48 (0.9–1.45)	0.510	3.13 (2.11–4.63)	0.004	0.54 (0.24–1.19)	0.313
	Nlrp3	1.04 (0.77–1.4)	0.801	2.17 (1.82–2.59)	0.001	0.85 (0.54–1.32)	0.590
	Itgam	1.56 (1.23–1.98)	0.018	3.07 (2.52–3.74)	0.001	0.71 (0.41–1.21)	0.419

A TLDA card consisting of selected inflammatory responsive genes was used to assess mRNA expression levels in hippocampal cytoplasm obtained from each time points following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Gene expression levels were calculated using formula: fold change = 2^{–(Ct(Ipsi)–Ct(Contra))} comparing the ipsilateral injured side of the brain relative to the uninjured contralateral side. Data represent the mean value of 4 biological replicates, and the P values were generated using two-tailed Student’s t-tests. The fold change range is shown in parentheses. Significantly different (P < 0.05) expression genes are highlighted in red for increased expression and in green for decreased expression. The 1, 3, and 7 days indicate the tissue harvesting time following controlled cortical impact.