TABLE IV.
Polysomnographic Parameters at Baseline and After Treatment for Children with Down Syndrome and Mild Obstructive Sleep Apnea by Treatment Group.
| Characteristic | Observation (n = 13) | Oxygen (n = 1) | Medication (n = 10) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline parameters | ||||
| oAHI, events/hour (95% CI) | 2.9 (1.1–4.9) | 3.3 (–) | 3.5 (1.3–4.7) | .96 |
| AHI, events/hour (95% CI) | 3.3 (1.8–7.2) | 8.2 (–) | 3.5 (1.7–4.7) | .24 |
| CAI, events/hour (95% CI) | 0.5 (0–2.3) | 4.9 (–) | 0.25 (0–2) | .20 |
| Oxyhemoglobin nadir, % (95% CI) | 90 (82–96) | 73 (–) | 89 (80–94) | .22 |
| Sleep efficiency, % total sleep time (95% CI) | 83 (62–91) | 87 | 87 (68–95) | .67 |
| Arousal Index, event/hour (95% CI) | 14.2 (9.1–32.7) | 19.6 | 10.4 (6.2–18.5) | .18 |
| End-tidal CO2 > 50 mmHg, min (95% CI) | 0.1 (0–62) | 0 (–) | 0.1 (0–69) | .63 |
| Percentage of REM sleep, % (95% CI) | 22 (10–40) | 28 (–) | 22 (16–28) | .55 |
| Posttreatment polysomnogram parameters | ||||
| Posttreatment oAHI, events/hour, (95% CI) | 3.6 (0.7–6.8) | 1.1 (–) | 3.6 (1.5–13.8) | .45 |
| Posttreatment AHI, events/hour (95% CI) | 4.1 (0.7–7.8) | 4.7 (–) | 3.7 (0.8–13.8) | .82 |
| Posttreatment CAI, events/hour (95% CI) | 0.4 (0–3.9) | 3.6 (–) | 0.25 (0–0.6) | .18 |
| Posttreatment oxygen nadir, % (95% CI) | 91 (73–95) | 85 (–) | 90 (73–92) | .25 |
| Posttreatment sleep efficiency, % total sleep time (95% CI) | 86 (71–96) | 85 (–) | 86 (77–98) | .77 |
| Posttreatment Arousal Index, event/hour (95% CI) | 12.3 (6.8–24.1) | 12.1 (–) | 13.3 (6.4–22.5) | .97 |
| Posttreatment CO2 > 50 mmHg min (95% CI) | 0 (0–79) | 1.1 (–) | 2.8 (0–79) | .47 |
| Posttreatment percentage of REM sleep, % (95% CI) | 24 (13–37) | 25 (–) | 24 (3–38) | .69 |
| Posttreatment OSA severity (n, %) | .82 | |||
| None | 1 (7.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (10.0) | |
| Mild | 10 (76.9) | 1 (100.0) | 6 (60.0) | |
| Moderate/severe | 2 (15.4) | 0 (0) | 3 (30.0) |
AHI = apnea-hypopnea index; CAI = central apnea index; CO2 = carbon dioxide; REM = rapid eye movement; oAHI = obstructive apnea-hypopnea index; OSA = obstructive sleep apnea.