Table 7.
Frequency of foods and beverages consumption at breakfast between mothers and their children.
| Boys’ Food and Beverage Consumption | Girls’ Food and Beverage Consumption | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Never | Sometimes | Always | Never | Sometimes | Always | ||||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | p * | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | p * | ||
| Fruits, berries, and vegetables | |||||||||
| Mothers’ food and beverage consumption | Never | 1132 (71.3) | 252 (16.7) | 89 (9.3) | <0.001 | 1021 (72,1) | 274 (16.5) | 91 (8.6) | <0.001 |
| Sometimes | 312 (19.7) | 966 (63.8) | 298 (31.3) | 295 (20.8) | 1091 (65.8) | 347 (32.8) | |||
| Always | 143 (9.0) | 295 (19.5) | 566 (59.4) | 100 (7.1) | 292 (17.6) | 620 (58.6) | |||
| Fruit juices fresh unsweetened | |||||||||
| Mothers’ food and beverage consumption | Never | 1780 (85.4) | 392 (26.8) | 82 (16.8) | <0.001 | 1810 (85.1) | 392 (25.8) | 66 (14.8) | <0.001 |
| Sometimes | 252 (12.1) | 961 (65.8) | 173 (35.5) | 257 (12.1) | 1032 (68.0) | 146 (32.7) | |||
| Always | 53 (2.5) | 107 (7.3) | 232 (47.6) | 60 (2.8) | 94 (6.2) | 235 (52.6) | |||
| Soft drinks and sugar juices | |||||||||
| Mothers’ food and beverage consumption | Never | 2726 (93.9) | 383 (44.8) | 65 (29.3) | <0.001 | 2799 (93.5) | 371 (45.1) | 58 (29.4) | <0.001 |
| Sometimes | 150 (5.2) | 422 (49.4) | 60 (27.0) | 168 (5.6) | 412 (50.1) | 47 (23.9) | |||
| Always | 27 (0.9) | 50 (5.8) | 97 (43.7) | 26 (0.9) | 40 (4.9) | 92 (46.7) | |||
| Milk or dairy products unsweetened | |||||||||
| Mothers’ food and beverage consumption | Never | 355 (44.2) | 172 (12.2) | 173 (9.5) | <0.001 | 361 (46.6) | 208 (13.2) | 130 (7.3) | <0.001 |
| Sometimes | 219 (27.2) | 869 (61.9) | 434 (23.8) | 225 (29.0) | 975 (61.9) | 451 (25.5) | |||
| Always | 230 (28.6) | 364 (25.9) | 1216 (66.7) | 189 (24.4) | 393 (24.9) | 1188 (67.2) | |||
| Milk or dairy products sweetened | |||||||||
| Mothers’ food and beverage consumption | Never | 1241 (88.1) | 634 (42.4) | 340 (32.1) | <0.001 | 1288 (88.2) | 664 (41.2) | 294 (30.4) | <0.001 |
| Sometimes | 127 (9.0) | 756 (50.6) | 240 (22.6) | 131 (9.0) | 829 (51.5) | 223 (23.1) | |||
| Always | 40 (2.8) | 104 (7.0) | 480 (45.3) | 41 (2.8) | 117 (7.3) | 449 (46.5) | |||
| Sweets or salty pastries | |||||||||
| Mothers’ food and beverage consumption | Never | 969 (81.9) | 467 (21.3) | 105 (16.1) | <0.001 | 1037 (83.2) | 490 (21.2) | 87 (15.5) | <0.001 |
| Sometimes | 188 (15.9) | 1623 (74.1) | 266 (40.7) | 191 (15.3) | 1701 (73.6) | 237 (42.2) | |||
| Always | 26 (2.2) | 99 (4.5) | 283 (43.3) | 18 (1.4) | 121 (5.2) | 237 (42.2) | |||
| Low fiber cereal products | |||||||||
| Mothers’ food and beverage consumption | Never | 685 (76.7) | 637 (31.7) | 240 (21.2) | <0.001 | 680 (75.3) | 616 (28.3) | 188 (18.8) | <0.001 |
| Sometimes | 161 (18.0) | 1187 (59.1) | 306 (27.1) | 187 (20.7) | 1357 (62.3) | 322 (32.2) | |||
| Always | 47 (5.3) | 183 (9.1) | 585 (51.7) | 36 (4.0) | 204 (9.4) | 489 (48.9) | |||
| Whole-grain cereal products | |||||||||
| Mothers’ food and beverage consumption | Never | 954 (63.5) | 176 (11.6) | 63 (6.2) | <0.001 | 873 (60.5) | 184 (10.9) | 57 (5.9) | <0.001 |
| Sometimes | 306 (20.4) | 935 (61.5) | 227 (22.3) | 354 (24.5) | 1088 (64.7) | 163 (16.9) | |||
| Always | 242 (16.1) | 410 (27.0) | 727 (71.5) | 217 (15.0) | 409 (24.3) | 743 (77.2) | |||
* Significant p values are shown in bold font. Frequency of food and beverage groups’ consumption: Never: 0 times/week; Sometimes: 1–4 times/week; Always: 5–7 times/week.