Table 4.
Gut-residing bacteria found to correlate with the production of amino acid metabolites (AAMs).
| AAM | Taxa | Study |
|---|---|---|
| Taurine | Alistipes HGB5, Alistipes finegoldii, Bacteroides xylanisolvens | [45] |
| GABA | Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus; Lactobacillus brevis | [41,97] |
| GABA, lactate | E. coli HT115-strain | [144] |
| Serotonin | Candida, Streptococcus, Escherichia, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas | [135,184] |
| Serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine | Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Escherichia | [135] |
| Serotonin, dopamine | Clostridiales incertae sedis | [150] |
| Norepinephrine | Escherichia, Bacillus, Saccharomyces | [184] |
| Dopamine | Bacillus | [184] |
| Acetylcholine | Lactobacillus | [184] |
| 4EPS, p-cresol (sulphate) | Clostridium | [36,140,142] |
| P-cresol (sulphate) | Clostridiaceae (Clostridium I, IV, IX, XI, XIII, XIVa, XVI), Bacteroidaceae, Coriobacteriaceae | [109,137] |
| P-cresol, phenylacetylglutamine | Oscillospira, Ruminococcus, Mogibacteriaceae, Christensellaceae, Clostridiales, Akkermansia | [132] |
| Dextrorphan O-glucuronide, 3-methyldioxyindole(F4) | Christensenella, Candidatus arthromitus | [150] |
| “TRYP6” (Kynurenine, quinolinate, indole, IAA, IPA, tryptamine) |
Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria | [135] |
| Quinolinate, indole, IAA, IPA, tryptamine | Clostridium | [135] |
| Kynurenine, quinolinate, indole, IAA, IPA | Burkholderia | [135] |
| Kynurenine, quinolinate, IAA, tryptamine | Streptomyces, Pseudomonas, Bacillus | [135] |
| IAA | Bacillus, Klebsiella, Ralstonia, Staphylococcus | [135] |
| Indole | Bacteroides, Citrobacter, Clostridium_XIX, Desulfitobacterium, Edwardsiella, Escherichia, Fusobacterium, Providencia, Shigella | [135] |
|
Parabacteroides distasonis, Megasphaera massiliensis E. coli |
[87] [155] |
|
| IPA | Clostridium, Escherichia, Proteus | [135] |
| Kynurenine | Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Streptomyces | [135] |
| Quinolinate | Klebsiella, Bacillus, Burkholderia | [135] |
| Tryptamine | Holdemania, Tyzzerella, Desulfovibrio, Yersinia, Bacillus, Clostridium, Ruminococcus | [135] |
| Indole, indoxyl-(3)-sulphate, IPA, indole-(3)-aldehyde | Lactobacillus reuteri | [182] |
GABA = gamma-aminobutyric acid; TRYP6 = six Trp metabolism pathways generating the neuroactive metabolites in brackets (“); 4EPS = 4-ethylphenylsulfate; IAA = indole-acetic acid; IPA = indole-propionic acid. References are listed as numbers in brackets.