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Sample paths. Wei et al. [148] investigated the optimal randomness in a swarm-based search. Four heavy-tailed PDFs were used for sample path analysis; there are (a) Mittag-Leffler distribution, (b) Weibull distribution, (c) Pareto distribution, and (d) Cauchy distribution. The Long steps, referring to the jump length, frequently happened for all distributions, which showed strong heavy-tailed performance. For more details, please refer to [148].
