Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants by energy-adjusted acrylamide quintiles.
| Tertile of Energy-Adjusted Acrylamide Intake | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | p-Value c | |||||||||
| Number of participants | 29,606 | 29,606 | 29,606 | |||||||||
| Men, (%) | 50.6 | 44.6 | 45.1 | |||||||||
| Dietary variables | ||||||||||||
| Acrylamide intake | ||||||||||||
| Range, μg/d | 0.0 | - | 4.8 | 4.8 | - | 7.5 | 7.5 | - | 64.6 | |||
| Mean and SD,a μg/d | 3.6 | ± | 1.5 | 6.4 | ± | 2.0 | 11.2 | ± | 4.5 | |||
| Mean and SD, a μg·kg body weight-1·d-1 | 0.07 | ± | 0.06 | 0.12 | ± | 0.12 | 0.21 | ± | 0.24 | |||
| Coffee, a g/d | 44 | ± | 61 | 111 | ± | 117 | 275 | ± | 285 | <0.001 | ||
| Green tea, a g/d | 321 | ± | 340 | 523 | ± | 428 | 753 | ± | 664 | <0.001 | ||
| Alcohol intake, a g/d | 188 | ± | 336 | 156 | ± | 323 | 121 | ± | 279 | <0.001 | ||
| Vegetables, a g/d | 195 | ± | 146 | 236 | ± | 164 | 235 | ± | 175 | <0.001 | ||
| Potato, a g/d | 19 | ± | 19 | 30 | ± | 26 | 33 | ± | 38 | <0.001 | ||
| Fruit, a g/d | 198.0 | ± | 198.3 | 239.6 | ± | 204.1 | 224.8 | ± | 200.8 | <0.001 | ||
| Meat, a g/d | 64.7 | ± | 61.3 | 63.0 | ± | 51.2 | 58.8 | ± | 45.6 | <0.001 | ||
| Fish, a g/d | 94.5 | ± | 76.7 | 97.4 | ± | 68.9 | 86.7 | ± | 62.5 | <0.001 | ||
| Biscuits and cookies, a g/d | 0.8 | ± | 1.4 | 2.2 | ± | 3.1 | 5.2 | ± | 9.0 | <0.001 | ||
| Total energy intake, a kcal/d | 1911 | ± | 639 | 1936 | ± | 613 | 1868 | ± | 607 | <0.001 | ||
| Nondietary Variables | ||||||||||||
| Age at five-year follow-up study, a y | 58 | ± | 8 | 57 | ± | 8 | 56 | ± | 8 | <0.001 | ||
| Body mass index, a b kg/m2 | 24 | ± | 3 | 24 | ± | 3 | 23 | ± | 3 | <0.001 | ||
| Smoking status, % | ||||||||||||
| Never | 62 | 65 | 60 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Former | 9.4 | 8.5 | 8.0 | |||||||||
| Current | 22 | 21 | 26 | |||||||||
| Missing | 6.5 | 5.8 | 5.9 | |||||||||
| Number of cigarettes/d,a b only for current | 20.4 | ± | 14.7 | 20.8 | ± | 10.4 | 22.7 | ± | 12.2 | <0.001 | ||
| Physical activity (METs)a | 32.7 | ± | 6.5 | 32.9 | ± | 6.4 | 32.6 | ± | 6.4 | <0.001 | ||
a Mean ± standard deviation; b number of participants missing the following: body mass index: 1433; number of cigarettes/day for current smoker: 431; c Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous variables and Chi-square test for categorical variables.