Table 3. Lettuce: Plant Genotype, Se Treatment (Se Source, Dose, and Application Mode), and Effects on Total (TSeC) and Organic Se Content and Other Nutritional Traits.
| species | Se source | dose | type of treatment | TSeC | organic Se | other nutritional traits | references |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lactuca sativa L. (cv. Susana, Hungary) | sodium biselenite | 50–100 ppm Se | field trials | in leaves (μg of Se kg–1) 46–1708 | NAa | ↑chlorophyll content | (131) |
| soil application | ↑catalase (CAT) | ||||||
| foliar application | ↑ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities | ||||||
| soil:foliar application by ratio 1:1 | |||||||
| Lactuca sativa L. (cv. Venezaroxa) | sodium selenite | 0–40 μM Se L–1 | in hydroponics | in leaves (μg of Se g–1 DWb): selenite, 23.2–50.8; selenate, 57.4–602.0 | NA | ↑Se concentration | (41) |
| sodium selenate | |||||||
| Lactuca sativa L. (var. Romana) | sodium selenate | 1–50 mg of Se kg–1 of peat. | in pots (some plants grown and Se-fortified in pots were transplanted in open field) | in edible organs, open field experiments: (μg of Se kg–1 DW): 21.4–61.3 (in 2012); 24.1–45.5 (in 2013) | NA | ↑Se in edible organs | (45) |
| Lactuca sativa L. (var. Capitata, cv. Batavia Rubia Munguía, cv. Maravilla de Verano) | sodium selenite, organic seleno compound, SeCH3 organic form some plants were also mycorrhized | 40 μg of Se plant–1 Se added to the substrate | in pots (greenhouse experiment) | in plants (pg): 439–4501 | NA | ↑mineral composition, ↑soluble proteins, ↑concentration of nonstructural sugars in shoots | (48) |
| Lactuca sativa L. (var. Capitata) | sodium selenite | 0.0–30 μM sodium selenite | in hydroponics | in shoots (mg of Se kg–1 DW): selenite,3.7–30.6; selenate, 4.7–43.3 | NA | ↑Se concentration | (43) |
| sodium selenate | 0.2–60 μM sodium selenate | ||||||
| Lactuca sativa L. (cv. Vera) | sodium selenite | 0–64 μmol of Se L–1 with the nutrient solution both as selenite and selanate | in pots (greenhouse experiment) | in shoots (mg of Se kg–1 DW): selenite, 0–12; selenate, 0–23 | NA | ↑Se concentration | (44) |
| sodium selenate | |||||||
| Lactuca sativa L. (cv. Philipus) | sodium selenite | 5–120 μmol of Se L–1 with the nutrient solution both as selenite and selenate | in pots (greenhouse experiment) | NA | NA | (47) | |
| sodium selenate | |||||||
| Lactuca sativa L. (cv. Philipus) | sodium selenite | 5–120 μmol of Se L–1 with the nutrient solution both as selenate and selenite | in pots (greenhouse experiment) | in leaves (mg of Se kg–1 DW): selenite, 2–38; selenate, 1.5–42 | NA | ↑Se content | (49) |
| sodium selenate | |||||||
| Lactuca sativa L. (cv. Philipus) | sodium selenite | 5–120 μmol L–1 with the nutrient solution both as selenate and selenite | in pots (green house experiment) | in leaves (mg of Se kg–1 DW): selenite, 2.5–40.0; selenate, 1.0–44.0 | Cys (mg g–1 FWc): selenite, 0.48–0.98; selenate, 1.34–2.17. Amino acids (mg of Gly g–1 FW): selenite, 0.56–1.07; selenate, 0.50–0.77. Proteins (mg of Alb g–1 FW): selenite, 2.30–3.96; selenate, 2.78–2.84 | ↑Se concentration ↑O-acetylserine (thiol)lyase and serine-acetyltransferase activity, ↑Cys concentration | (46) |
| sodium selenate | |||||||
| Lactuca sativa L. | sodium selenite | selenite: 1.5 and 5.0 mg of Se kg–1 of soil. | in pots (application to a soil substrate, greenhouse experiment) | selenite (mg of Se kg–1 DW) in shoots: 0.74–1.11 | NA | ↑Se concentration | (99) |
| sodium selenate | selenate: 1.5 mg of Se kg–1 of soil. | ||||||
| carboxy methylcellulose (CMC) | selenate (mg of Se kg–1 DW) in shoots: 6.21–6.68 |
a
NA: not analyzed.
b
DW: dry weight.
c
FW: fresh weight.