Table 7. Tomato: Plant Genotype, Se Treatment (Se Source, Dose, and Application Mode), and Effects on Total (TSeC) and Organic Se Content and Other Nutritional Traits.
| species | Se source | dose | type of treatment | TSeC | Se organic forms | other nutritional traits | references |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solanum lycopersicum L. (cv. Red Bunch) | sodium selenate | 1–1.5 mg of Se L–1 | in hydroponics | in fruits (mg kg–1 DWa): 0.94–2.76 (1 mg L–1 treatment), 2.08–3.54 (1.5 mg L–1 treatment) | NAb | ↑delayed fruit ripening, ↑shelf life, ↑delayed lycopene and β-carotene synthesis, ↑chlorophyll degradation | (54) |
| Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. (var. Durpeel and var. Uno Rosso F1) | sodium selenate | 150 g of Se Ha–1 (at the flowering stage) | field experiment (foliar application) | in fruits (mg kg–1 DW): 0.378 (Durpeel)–0.990 (Uno Rosso F1) | NA | ↑Se content in fruits, ≈total carotenoids, ≈vitamin C, ↑total polyphenols | (72) |
| Solanum lycopersicon L. (cv. Provence) | sodium selenate | 1 mg of Se L–1 (at the onset of flowering) | Green house experiment (foliar application) | Not reported | NA | ↑delayed fruit ripening | (67) |
| Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. (var. Toro) | sodium selenite | 5 and 10 mg of Se L–1 (nutrient solution) | pot experiment (peat moss and perlite substrate, Se with the nutrient solution) | in fruits (μg g–1 DW): 24.0–33.0 | NA | ↑fruit firmness; ↑total solids; ≈N, P, K, Ca, and Mg; ↑antioxidant enzyme activities | (70) |
| Solanum lycopersicum L. (cv. Karst) | sodium selenate | 1–50 mg of Se kg–1 of peat. | in pots (peat substrate, greenhouse experiment) | in edible organs, open field experiments (μg of Se kg–1 DW):15.4–19.7 (in 2012), 14.9–20.2 (in 2013) | NA | ↑Se content, ↑vitamin A | (45) |
| some plants grown and Se-fortified in pots were transplanted in open field | |||||||
| Solanum lycopersicum L. | sodium selenate | 2.0–10.0 mg of Se L–1 solution. | in pots (greenhouse experiment): soil application + foliar spray (SF) seed soaking (SS) | Not reported | NA | ↑antioxidant activities | (71) |
| Solanum lycopersicum L. (cv. PKM. 1) | sodium selenate | 2.0–10.0 mg of Se L–1 solution. | in pots (greenhouse experiment): soil application + foliar spray (SF) seed soaking (SS) | in fruits (μg of Se g–1 DW): 26.52–52.24 | in fruits: ↑SeMet, ↑MeSeCys | ↑total phenolic, ↑total protein, ↑nitrate, ↑total antioxidant activity, ↓chlorophyll, ↑Se concentrations | (69) |
| Solanum lycopersicum L. (cv. Red Bunch) | sodium selenate | 1.0 mg of Se L–1 (in the nutrient solution 2 weeks after transplanting) | in greenhouse (plants hydroponically grown and then transplanted into rock wool slabs) | in fruits (μg of Se g–1 DW): 10.28–11.46 | NA | ↑Se content, ↓β-carotene content, ↓ethylene, ↑delay in the onset of fruit ripening | (68) |
a
DW: dry weight.
b
NA: not analyzed.