Table 9. Microscale Vegetables: Plant Species, Growth Stage, and Se Treatment (i.e., Se Source, Se Doses, and Time of Exposition) with Se Applied by Soaking.
| species | growth stage (DAS)a | Se source | dose | time | TSeC | organic Se | other nutritional traits | reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leguminosae | ||||||||
| Cicer arietinum (chickpea) | 1–4 | sodium selenite | 1 and 2 mg in 85 mL of water | 6 h | 4–7 μg g–1 DMb | NAc | ↑antioxidant activity, ↑total isoflavones, ↑some single isoflavone | (142) |
| Medicago sativa (alfalfa) | ∼5, 7 | sodium selenite | 1 and 10 mg of Se L–1 | 6–10 h | 13–109 mg kg–1 DM | SeMet, SeMetSeCys | NA | (80) |
| Vigna radiata (mung bean) | 3, 5 | sodium selenate | 127, 1270, and 12700 μM | 10 h | up to 200 μg g–1 DM | NA | NA | (143) |
| 3 | sodium selenite | 0–12 mg of Se L–1 | 24 h | 571–7275 μg kg–1 | SeMetSeCys | NA | (144) | |
| Brassicaceae | ||||||||
| B. oleracea (var. italica) (broccoli) | 11 | sodium selenate | 10, 50, and 90 μM | 4 h | NA | NA | ≈polyphenols, ↓quercetin and sinapic acid, ↑morine and genisteine | (145) |
| ∼5, 7 | sodium selenite | 1 and 10 mg of Se L–1 | 6–10 h | ∼22–133 mgkg–1 DM | SeMet, SeMetSeCys | NA | (80) | |
| 3, 5 | sodium selenate | 127, 625, and 1270 μM | 10 h | ∼250 μg g–1 DM | NA | NA | (143) | |
| B. oleracea (var. capitata) (red cabbage) | ∼5, 7 | sodium selenite | 1 and 10 mg of Se L–1 | 6–10 h | 13–82 mg kg–1 DM | SeMet, SeMetSeCys | NA | (80) |
| Raphanus sativus (var. sativus) (radish) | ∼5, 7 | sodium selenite | 1 and 10 mg of Se L–1 | 6–10 | 10–103 mg kg–1 DM | SeMet, SeMetSeCys | NA | (80) |
| R. sativus (var. longipinnatus) (daikon sprouts) | ∼5, 7 | sodium selenite | 1 and 10 mg of Se L–1 | 6–10 h | 13–97 mg kg–1 DM | SeMet, SeMetSeCys | NA | (80) |
| Sinapis alba (white mustard) | ∼5, 7 | sodium selenite | 1 and 10 mg of Se L–1 | 6–10 h | 12–78 mg kg–1 DM | SeMet, SeMetSeCys | NA | (80) |
| other | ||||||||
| Allium cepa (onion) | 5, 7 | sodium selenate | 127, 625, and 1270 μM | 10 h | up to 600 μg g–1 DM | NA | NA | (143) |
| Amaranthus cruentus, A. caudatus, A. paniculatus, and A. tricolor (amaranth) | 6 | sodium selenite | 10, 15, and 30 mg L–1 | 3 h | 35–80 mg kg–1 DM | NA | ≈antioxidant activity (FRAP), ≈↓DPPH | (146) |
| Fago pyrum esculentum (buckwhaet) | 11 | sodium selenite | 10 mg of Se L–1 | 4 h | 2 μg g–1 DM | SeMet | NA | (147) |
| 11 | sodium selenate | 10 mg of Se L–1 | 4 h | 7 μg g–1 DM | SeMet | NA | (147) | |
| 11 | SeMet | 10 mg of Se L–1 | 4 h | 3 μg g–1 DM | SeMet | NA | (147) |
a
DAS: days after sowing.
b
DM: dry matter.
c
NA: not analyzed.