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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 10.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 21;29(2):179–196.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.11.011

Figure 1. E. tarda activates zebrafish EECs in vivo.

Figure 1.

(A) Experimental approach for measuring EEC activity in free-swimming zebrafish. (B) Method for recording EEC responses to chemical and microbial stimulants in the EEC-CaMPARI model. (C-D) Confocal projection of mid-intestinal EECs upon water (C, negative control) or linoleate (D) stimulation in Tg(neurod1:CaMPARI) following UV-photoconversion. (E) Frequency distribution of EECs’ red:green CaMPARI fluorescence intensity ratio in water or linoleate-stimulated zebrafish. n=177 for water group and n=213 for linoleate group. (F) Percent EEC response in Tg(neurod1:CaMPARI) zebrafish. (G-H) Confocal projection of mid-intestinal EECs upon Aeromonas sp. (G) or E. tarda (H) stimulation in Tg(neurod1:CaMPARI) following UV-photoconversion. (I) Frequency distribution of EECs’ red:green CaMPARI fluorescence intensity ratio in zebrafish treated with water or E. tarda. n=117 for water group and n=156 for E. tarda group. (J) Representative heatmap image showing Aeromonas sp., B. subtilis and E. tarda stimulated EEC red:green CaMPARI fluorescence ratio. (K) EEC activation in Tg(neurod1:CaMPARI) zebrafish stimulated with different bacterial strains. (L) Representative Tg(neurod1:Gcamp6f) zebrafish intestine stimulated with E. tarda. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test was used in F and K. *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001; ****p<0.0001.