| CTCF | CCCTC-binding factor |
| DSBs | double-strand breaks |
| NHEJ | non-homologous end joining |
| HR | homologous recombination |
| IR | ionizing radiation |
| UV | ultraviolet |
| DDR | DNA damage response |
| MRN | MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 |
| ssDNA | single-stranded DNA |
| D-loop | displacement loop |
| ChIP | chromatin immunoprecipitation |
| ICR | imprinting control region |
| TCR | T cell receptor |
| CBE | CTCF-binding element |
| TAD | topologically associated domain |
| PAR | poly(ADP-ribose) |