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. 2021 Feb 27;19(3):129. doi: 10.3390/md19030129

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Homologous comparison of scytonemin biosynthesis-related genes between two genetically close Nostoc species (A) and schematic illustration of UV-induced scytonemin biosynthesis processes in cyanobacteria (B). Npu, Nostoc punctiforme; Nfl, Nostoc flagelliforme. The gene clusters are distinguished as four modules. Module I, scyABCDEF, responsible for scytonemin monomer and dimer biosynthesis. Module II, tyrA~aroG, responsible for biosynthesis of aromatic amino acid substrates. Module III, eboFECBA, responsible for the export of scytonemin monomer. Module IV, responsible for signal transduction in response to UV radiation. Abbreviations: IM, inner membrane; OM, outer membrane; EPS matrix, exopolysaccharide matrix.