Figure 5.

The proposed mechanism is depicting the effect of IMP inhibiting inflammatory effects. IMP could interfere with the LPS binding to LBP, CD14, and MD-2 on the TLR4 co-receptor complex. Moreover, according to the previous reports described and the results in this manuscript, IMP attenuates the inflammatory effect cascade via inhibition of transcription factors including IκB/NF-κB, MAPK/AP-1, and JAKs/STATs inflammatory transcription factor signaling pathways. Moreover, IMP activates the antioxidative transcription factor Nrf2 signaling pathway in LPS-induced RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells.