Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of COVID-19 patients.
| Characteristics | COVID-19 patients (n = 20) | Critical COVID-19 (n = 10) | Mild-to-severe COVID-19 (n = 10) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||
| Age (years), median IQR | 57 (50–70) | 57 (50–70) | 59 (47–71) | 0.94 |
| Male gender (%) | 48% | 70% | 30% | 0.08 |
| Female gender (%) | 52% | 30% | 70% | 0.08 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension (%) | 65% | 70% | 60% | 0.68 |
| Heart disease | 50% | 40% | 30% | 0.68 |
| Diabetes (%) | 45% | 30% | 70% | 0.20 |
| Obesity (%) | 50% | 30% | 70% | 0.09 |
| BMI, median, IQR | 28 (25–35) | 27.7 (25–31) | 31.3 (24–42) | 0.72 |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Days of symptoms (mean, ±sd) | 13 ± 5 | 13 ± 4 | 13 ± 6 | 0.82 |
| Hospitalization (days), mean, ±sd | 18 ± 11 | 26 ± 11 | 11 ± 4 | 0.0004⁎ |
| Mechanical ventilation (%) | 50% | 100% | 0 | 0.0001⁎ |
| Acute kidney injury (%) | 35% | 50% | 20% | 0.185 |
| Mortality rate (%) | 10% | 20% | 0 | 0.0001⁎ |
| Laboratory tests | ||||
| Creatinine, mg/dl, mean (IQR) | 1.1 ± 0.9 | 1.23 ± 1.34 | 0.94 ± 0.47 | 0.85 |
| Lymphocyte; mm3, median (IQR) | 1100 (600–1650) | 650 (475–1550) | 1295 (975–2450) | 0.09 |
| Platelets; ×103/l (IQR) | 246 (217–338) | 251 (218–369) | 243 (186–313) | 0.85 |
| RCP; mg/dl, median (IQR) | 13 (9–20) | 10.8 (6.9–14.1) | 7.1 (1.9–13.3) | 0.23 |
| D dimer; mg/dl, median (IQR) | 1.19 (0.93–1.98) | 1.3 (1–3.5) | 1 (0.8–1.7) | 0.43 |
| Lactate; mg/dl, median (IQR) | 2.2 (1.7–2.6) | 2.5 (2–2.6) | 1.7 (1.5–2.5) | 0.09 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, U/l(IQR) | 361 (302–434) | 340 (292–438) | 383 (278–498) | 0.89 |
| Ferritin, ng/ml (IQR) | 608 (345–1076) | 608 (246–635) | 600 (345–1409) | 0.51 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dl) | 686 (619–815) | 796 (619–833) | 683 (617–799) | 0.55 |
| Severity | ||||
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio, median (IQR) | 205 (139–315) | 158 (122–194) | 272 (211–358) | 0.01⁎ |
| SOFA score | 2 (1–3) | 3 (2–4.5) | 2 (1–2) | 0.005⁎ |
| SAPS-3 | 47 (38–50) | 47 (42–51) | 42 (34–47) | 0.11 |
BMI: body mass index; IQR: interquartile range; sd: standard deviation; RCP: reactive C protein; PaO2/FiO2 ratio: the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2 in mm Hg) to fractional inspired oxygen; SOFA: sequential organ failure assessment; SAPS-3: simplified acute physiology score III.
⁎
p < 0.05, comparison between mild-to-severe and critical patients with COVID-19.