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. 2021 Mar 4;9(3):528. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9030528

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of the 109 adult subjects randomly assigned to 12 weeks of double-blind treatment with either 109 CFU/day L. plantarum DR7 (n = 56) or placebo (n = 53).

Parameters Probiotic (n = 56) Placebo (n = 53) p-Value
Age (year, median and range) 30.5 (21–58) 28.0 (21–63) 0.767
Sex (num. female, %) 39 (69.6%) 38 (71.7%) 0.814
Body Mass Index (median and range) 22.4 (17.7–35.4) 22.2 (16.7–39.1) 0.402
Smoker (num. yes, %) 1 (1.8%) 0 (0%) 0.331
Hospitalization within 4 weeks (num. yes, %) 3 (5.4%) 4 (7.5%) 0.643
Blood hemoglobin (g/L, mean and SD) 137.2 (15.9) 135.8 (15.6) 0.624
White cell count (×109/L, mean and SD) 7.2 (1.8) 7.3 (2.4) 0.757
Urban living (num. yes, %) 29 (51.8%) 27 (50.9%) 0.930
URTIs within 4 weeks

  • >2 episodes

 3 (5.4%) 1 (1.9%) 0.059

  • 2 episodes

 5 (8.9%) 2 (3.8%)

  • 1 episode

 16 (28.6%) 11 (20.8%)

  • None

 32 (57.1%) 39 (73.6%)
URTI-related medication within 4 weeks (num. yes, %) 5 (8.9%) 4 (7.5%) 0.794