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. 2021 Mar 9;10(3):416. doi: 10.3390/antiox10030416

Figure 8.

Figure 8

DMF treatment was associated with a lower redox ratio Fp/(NADH + Fp) in the brainstem of SIV-infected macaques. (A) Representative images (brainstem) of the autofluorescence of Fp (left), NADH (center), and Fp/(NADH + Fp) (right). The “x” and “y” coordinates of the image matrices are shown. Numbers and color bars on the right of each image indicate the range of the redox index being displayed. (B) Quantification of the Fp autofluorescence showed no significant change in Fp levels with DMF treatment (statistical analysis was done with Student’s unpaired t-test). (C) No significant difference in NADH levels was observed with DMF treatment. (D) Quantification of Fp/(NADH + Fp) showed that the DMF treatment was associated with a lower redox ratio, which was indicative of a lower oxidative stress level (statistical analysis was done with Student’s unpaired t-test, * p < 0.05). Nine SIV-infected rhesus macaques were used in the study (four untreated animals and five DMF-treated (90 mg total DMF daily)). Intensities are in arbitrary units (a.u.) and all redox indices are expressed as the mean ± SEM.