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. 2021 Mar 3;10(3):290. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10030290

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The gene expression levels in LAD2 cells stimulated with lipooligosaccharide (LOS) derived from A. baumannii. Both 10 ng/mL of LOS induced mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators, (A) TNF-α and (B) LTC4S and mRNA expression of the CXC chemokines. (C) IL-8 and (D) CCL4. The expression levels of the target genes in LAD2 cells were estimated after incubation with LOS for 1, 2, 4, and 6 h and were normalized to β-actin gene-expression levels. Eventually, the fold changes in expression of cytokine mRNA between the LOS treated cells and time zero were presented. Expression levels of TLR4 in LAD2 cells stimulated with LOS derived from A. baumannii. (E) The mRNA- expression compared with that for control LAD2 cells cultured in medium (0 h) after exposure with 10 ng/mL LOS (ATCC 19606, T14). (F) The TLR4 mRNA-expression in cells treated with 5, 10, 100, and 1000 ng/mL of LOS compared with that for control (0 ng/mL LOS) after 4 h. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 with the LAD2 control (0 h).Error bars represent the standard error. The data shown are representative of at least three independent experiments.