Table 3.

Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality by various treatments and clinical characteristics: univariate analysis.

Risk Factor		All-Cause Mortality			Breast Cancer-Specific Mortality
		HR (95% CI)		p	HR (95% CI)		p
Age
	≤50	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
	51–60	1.23	(0.73–2.08)	0.44	1.17	(0.65–2.09)	0.60
	61–70	1.08	(0.62–1.90)	0.79	0.83	(0.43–1.62)	0.59
	≥71	2.98	(1.73–5.12)	<0.001	1.86	(0.95–3.65)	0.07
BRCA1 mutation
	No	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
	Yes	0.84	(0.45–1.57)	0.59	0.89	(0.43–1.85)	0.75
Lymph node status
	Negative	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
	Positive	2.80	(1.91–4.11)	<0.001	3.44	(2.14–5.52)	<0.001
ER status
	Negative	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
	Positive	0.93	(0.61–1.40)	0.72	0.64	(0.40–1.02)	0.06
Tumor size [cm]
	0–1.9	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
	2.0–4.9	2.20	(1.46–3.32)	<0.001	2.42	(1.44–4.05)	<0.001
	≥5.0	6.00	(2.67–3.35)	<0.001	6.91	(2.63–18.1)	<0.001
Radiotherapy
	No	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
	Yes	0.85	(0.57–1.25)	0.40	1.03	(0.63–1.67)	0.91
Chemotherapy
	No	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
	Yes	1.46	(0.98–2.17)	0.06	2.37	(1.40–4.00)	0.001
Type of surgery
	Mastectomy	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
	Lumpectomy	0.42	(0.25–0.70)	<0.001	0.34	(0.17–0.67)	0.002
Tamoxifen
	No	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
	Yes	0.98	(0.65–1.47)	0.92	0.67	(0.42–1.06)	0.09
Smoking
	Never	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
	Yes, current	0.96	(0.61–1.52)	0.88	0.76	(0.42–1.39)	0.37
	Yes, past	0.82	(0.52–1.28)	0.37	0.92	(0.55–1.54)	0.74
Selenium quartile *
	Quartile 4	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference
	Quartile 1	3.26	(1.87–5.69)	<0.001	2.31	(1.24–4.31)	0.008
	Quartile 2	1.78	(0.98–3.23)	0.06	1.19	(0.59–2.38)	0.62
	Quartile 3	1.77	(0.97–3.24)	0.06	1.45	(0.74–2.83)	0.28

* Quartile 1 range 52.1–76.7; Quartile 2 range 76.8–85.1; Quartile 3 range 85.2–94.6; Quartile 4 range 94.7–171.5 µg/L.