Table 2.
Summary of key outcomes from included publications.
| Lead Author (Date) | Population | Clinical Symptoms | Infections & Hospital Admissions | Medication Usage | Gut Microbiota | Stool Characteristics | Growth | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allergy † | GI | Resp ‡ | Antibiotics | Other Medication § | ||||||
| Harvey (2014) [38] | Infants with IgE mediated CMPA aged 0–36 months | PO = |
||||||||
| Healthy infants aged 3–16 months # | ✓✓ | ✓ | ✓✓ | PO = |
||||||
| Burks (2015) [39] | Infants with IgE or non IgE mediated CMPA aged 0–8 months | = | = | ✓✓ | ✓✓ | ✓✓ | ✓✓ | ✓✓ | PO = |
|
| Candy (2018) [32] ASSIGN study |
Infants with non-IgE mediated CMPA aged 0–13 months | = | = | = | ✓ | ✓✓ | ✓ | PO ✓✓ |
✓✓ | = |
| Fox (2019) [33] ASSIGN study |
26-week follow-up of Candy (2018) | = | = | = | ✓✓ | ✓✓ | PO ✓✓ ¶ |
= | = | |
| Wopereis (2019) [40] ASSIGN study |
Gene-sequencing analysis from Candy (2018) and Fox (2019) | PO ✓✓ |
||||||||
| Chatchatee (2019) [31] PRESTO study |
Infants with confirmed IgE mediated CMPA aged 0–13 months | ✓✓ | ||||||||
| Wopereis (2020) [30] PRESTO study |
Infants with confirmed IgE mediated CMPA aged 0–13 months | PO ✓ |
||||||||
CMPA: cow’s milk protein allergy; GI: gastrointestinal. PO: primary outcome (PO for Chatchatee (2019) [31] was cow’s milk protein tolerance, not included in this review); ✓ numerical improvement with amino acid formula containing synbiotics (AAF-Syn) vs. amino acid formula (AAF); ✓✓ significant improvement AAF-Syn vs. AAF; = no difference; empty boxes without symbols indicate that outcome was not reported. † Atopic dermatitis/general allergy symptoms/response to double blind placebo-controlled food challenge ‡ Respiratory § Antifungals/emollients/functional gastrointestinal/unspecified concomitant ¶ Subset who received intervention for 26 weeks # Included in table for completeness, but outside scope of review as subjects were not required to have CMPA.