Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Mar 3;11(3):380. doi: 10.3390/biom11030380

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Main signaling pathways modulated by miRNAs in bCSC. Stem cell maintenance is complex and highly regulated processes, several pathways are essential for the maintenance of bCSC, including NF-κB, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Notch, Hedgehog, Wnt, Hippo, JAK/STAT, TGF-β, and signaling estrogen receptor-mediated. Deregulation of these pathways can be one of the main reasons for the appearance or exacerbation of the main hallmarks such as maintenance, self-renewal, tumor resistance, relapse, recurrence, aggressiveness, and metastasis of bCSC, among others. Some targets modulated by miRNAs: Wnt, stearoyl desaturase 1 (SCD1), Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), Lin28; Notch, Jagged2; PI3K//AKT/mTOR, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), and TGF-β, SMAD 2-4.