Skip to main content
. 2021 Mar 16;22(6):3004. doi: 10.3390/ijms22063004

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Multifaceted mechanisms involved in the gut–lung axis during COVID-19 infection affecting FMT safety and efficacy. The bidirectional effects of the gut–lung axis are complex and can take place via direct (i.e., ACE2 receptors and metabolites including short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids) and indirect (i.e., immune system) mechanisms.