. 2021 Mar 5;13(3):858. doi: 10.3390/nu13030858

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics, based on ITT.

	Total Group n = 323	Protein n = 160	Placebo n = 163	p-Value
Demographics
Age, years	44 ± 11	44 ± 12	44 ± 10	0.64
Men, n (%)	181 (56)	88 (55)	93 (57)	0.71 ^§
Weight, kg	71.6 ± 11.0 ^a	71.4 ± 10.5 ^b	71.4 ± 10.5 ^c	0.89
BMI, kg/m²	22.7 ± 2.2 ^a	22.6 ± 2.2 ^b	22.8 ± 2.2 ^c	0.51
Running training
Weeks of training, nr	48 (40–52) ^a	50 (40–52) ^b	48 (40–52) ^c	0.65 ^‡
Number of times per week	2 (2–3) ^a	2 (2–3) ^b	2 (3–3) ^c	0.76 ^‡
Average distance per training, km	10 (8–12) ^a	10 (8–12) ^b	10 (8–12) ^c	0.61 ^‡
Race
Finish time, min	76 ± 13 ^d	77 ± 13 ^e	76 ± 13 ^f	0.88
Running speed, km/hr	12.1 ± 2.2 ^d	12.2 ± 2.2 ^e	12.0 ± 2.1 ^f	0.48
Average heart rate, bpm	168 ± 12 ^g	170 ± 10 ^h	166 ± 13 ⁱ	0.13
Exercise intensity, %	94 ± 6 ^g	95 ± 5 ^h	94 ± 7 ⁱ	0.48
Diet
Energy intake, kcal	2031 ± 632 ^j	2017 ± 622 ^k	2046 ± 644 ^l	0.69
Protein intake, g	80.9 ± 26.6 ^j	79.9 ± 26.5 ^k	82.0 ± 26.8 ^l	0.49
Protein intake, g/kg/d	1.14 ± 0.35 ^m	1.11 ± 0.33 ⁿ	1.17 ± 0.37 ^o	0.21
Animal protein, %	52.0 ± 14.2 ^j	52.0 ± 14.1 ^k	51.9 ± 14.3 ^l	0.94
Plant protein, %	47.7 ± 14.2 ^j	47.9 ± 14.0 ^k	47.5 ± 14.5 ^l	0.82
Protein, en%	16.7 ± 4.1 ^j	16.6 ± 4.0 ^k	16.8 ± 4.1 ^l	0.70
Fat intake, en%	33.3 ± 8.0 ^j	33.2 ± 8.7 ^k	33.4 ± 7.3 ^l	0.79
Carbohydrate intake, en%	45.7 ± 9.0 ^j	46.1 ± 10.4 ^k	45.3 ± 7.4 ^l	0.41
Alcohol intake, g	0.0 (0.0–9.6)	0.0 (0.0–9.6)	0.0 (0.0–9.3)	0.43 ^‡

Data are presented as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range (IQR)). BMI, body mass index; bpm, beats per minute; en%, energy percentage; ITT, Intention-to-treat analysis. ^a n = 244, ^b n = 116, ^c n = 128, ^d n = 319, ^e n = 158, ^f n = 161, ^g n = 78, ^h n = 36, ^I n = 42, ^j n = 294, ^k n = 150, ^l n = 144, ^m n = 229, ⁿ n = 110, ^o n = 119. p-values for differences between groups were derived by independent samples t-test unless indicated otherwise. § Derived by chi-square test. ‡ Derived by Mann-Whitney U-test.