Table 6.
Overview of the role of Sirtuins in the heart.
| Sirtuin | Expression | Effect of Sirtuin on Target Genes | Effect of Sirtuin on Local Processes |
Involvement in Metabolic Diseases |
Function in MetS (Effect on the Organism) |
Effect of Dietary Influence on Sirtuin |
Effect of Modulating Drugs on Sirtuin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sirt1 | Yes | PGC1α (↑) FOXO1 (↑) FOXO3 (↑) FOXO4 (↑) p53 (↓) AMPK (↑) PGC1α (↑) PPARγ (↑) PPARα (↓) |
Inflammation (↓) Oxidative stress (↓) Mitochondrial function (↓) Apoptosis (↓) Autophagy (↓) |
Hypertrophy | Positive | CR (↑) | Resveratrol (↑) |
| Sirt2 | Yes | AMPK (↑) | Microtubule activity (↓) | Hypertrophy T2DM |
Positive | CR (↑) | N/A |
| Sirt3 | Yes | AMPK (↑) SIRT6 (↑) |
Oxidative stress (↓) Inflammation (↓) Apoptosis (↓) Mitochondrial function (↑) Autophagy |
Hypertrophy | Positive | CR (↑) HFD (↓) |
Melatonin (↑) Resveratrol (↑) |
| Sirt4 | Yes | N/A | Oxidative stress (↑) Apoptosis (↓) |
Hypertrophy | Ambiguous | CR (↑) | N/A |
| Sirt5 | Yes | N/A | N/A | Hypertrophy | Positive | N/A | N/A |
| Sirt6 | Yes | AMPK (↑) SIRT3 (↑) |
Oxidative stress (↓) Insulin resistance (↓) |
Ischemia T2DM Hypertrophy |
Positive | HFD (↓) | N/A |
| Sirt7 | Yes | p53 (↓) | Apoptosis (↓) Oxidative stress (↓) |
Hypertrophy | Positive | CR (↑) | N/A |