Table 1.
The effects of GSM diet on the level of junction marker mRNAs in the colon of DSS-treated piglets.
| Functional Classes of Genes | Gene | Experimental Group * | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | DSS | GSM | DSS + GSM | ||||||
| Mean ± SEM ** | Mean ± SEM ** | Regulation vs. Control ‡ | Mean ± SEM ** | Regulation vs. Control ‡ | Mean ± SEM ** | Regulation vs. Control ‡ | Regulation vs. DSS ‡ |
||
| Junction proteins | CLDN1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 a | 0.4 ± 0.2 b | down | 0.9 ± 0.2 a | − | 0.9± 0.1 a | − | up |
| CLDN2 | 1.0 ± 0.0 b | 3.2 ± 0.3 a | up | 1.3 ± 0.3 b | − | 0.9 ± 0.1 b | − | down | |
| CLDN4 | 1.0 ± 0.0 a | 0.4 ± 0.1 b | down | 0.7 ± 0.2 a | − | 0.8 ± 0.1 a | − | up | |
| CLDN23 | 1.0 ± 0.0 a | 0.2 ± 0.0 b | down | 0.9 ± 0.2 a | − | 1.0 ± 0.3 a | − | up | |
| CLDN5 | 1.0 ± 0.0 a | 0.3 ± 0.0 b | down | 0.9 ± 0.1 a | − | 0.9 ± 0.2 a | − | up | |
| CLDN14 | 1.0 ± 0.0 a | 0.3 ± 0.0 b | down | 1.0 ± 0.1 a | − | 1.3 ± 0.4 a | − | up | |
| CLDN20 | 1.0 ± 0.0 a | 0.2 ± 0.0 b | down | 1.5 ± 0.2 a | − | 1.0 ± 0.3 a | − | up | |
| OCCL | 1.0 ± 0.0 a | 0.3 ± 0.0 b | down | 0.7 ± 0.2 a | − | 1.0 ± 0.3 a | − | up | |
| ZO-1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 a | 0.3 ± 0.0 b | down | 1.5 ± 0.2 a | − | 1.0 ± 0.2 a | − | up | |
| Markers of tight junction regulation | MAGI2 | 1.0 ± 0.0 a | 0.1 ± 0.0 b | down | 0.3± 0.2 b | down | 0.1 ± 0.0 b | down | − |
| GNAI2 | 1.0 ± 0.0 a | 0.4 ± 0.2 b | down | 1.1 ± 0.3 a | − | 0.6 ± 0.1 b | down | − | |
| MIO9B | 1.0 ± 0.0 b | 0.4 ± 0.1 c | down | 1.4 ± 0.3 b | − | 2.0 ± 0.3 a | up | up | |
| PTPN2 | 1.0 ± 0.0 a | 0.4 ± 0.1 b | down | 0.7 ± 0.3 a | − | 0.9 ± 0.2 a | − | up | |
| CDH1 | 1.0 ± 0.0 a | 0.7 ± 0.3 a | − | 1.0 ± 0.2 a | − | 0.8 ± 0.1 a | − | − | |
* Unchallenged and DSS-treated pigs were assigned for 30 days to a control diet (Control and DSS groups) or 8% GSM diet (GSM and DSS + GSM groups). At the end of the experiment, colon samples from all animals (n = 5) were collected and analyzed for gene expression by qPCR. ** the expression of target gene was normalized to the geometric mean of two reference genes; the results, expressed as fold changes (Fc) are presented as mean ± SEM. ‡ Anova-one way followed by Fisher tests were used to analyze the effect of experimental treatments on mRNA expression, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant; up: up-regulation, down: down-regulation, -: no effect. a,b,c Groups with unlike superscript letters were significantly different (p < 0.05).